Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
Cкласть 5 вопросов по тексту .
The need for higher education in the United States has grown with advances in knowledge and education Many lobs now require college or university training / Therefore, high school leavers are motivated earn us much education is they can.
Now, more than 4, 50o accredited colleges and universities make up higher education in the United States.
Most are coeducational, that is, they are open to both men and women students (also called mixed - gender education) In Europe, the term "college gradually came to mean a place for studying a specific subject (for example, law).
Since many colonists migrated to North America for religious freedom, it is not surprising that first American colleges trained men to be ministers, Harvard College was founded for this purpose in 1636 : so were William and Mary Coliege(Virginia) in 1693.
And Yale(Connecticut) in 1701.
1783, when the American colonies won their independence from Britain.
Six more colleges had been added.
Ton and Rulgers New Jersey Pennsyivania.
Columbia C New York).
Brown(Rhode Island) and Darun outh i New Hampshire, All are active, respected universities today.
Unlike many countries, U.
S. higher education institutions are not centrally organized or managed.
But are accredited on a national or regional level by independent accrediting bodies, Institutions of higher learning in the US.
Are organized as colleges or universities.
A college is a four - year undergraduate institution for students seeking a bachelor's degree.
A university may contain one or more colleges as well as graduate programs in professional fields of learning such as business, medicine, engineering and law.
A university also provides advanced studies in most of the subjects that are offered in colleges.
A variety of institution types offer higher - education degrees.
Liberal arts institutions, for example, of courses in the arts, humanities, languages, and social sciences.
The majority of liberal arts institutions are private.
Private colleges and universities are funded by a combination of endowments, if ts from alumni, research grants, and tuition fees.
Private colleges and universities are usually smaller than public institutions and can have a religious affiliation or be single - sex schools State colleges and universities, also called public universities, " were founded and subsidized by U.
S. State governments to provide a low - cost education to residents of that state.
Public universities generally offer access to research opportunities and classes in a wide variety of fields of study.
These versities tend to be very large and generally admit a wider range of students than private universitics .
• The growing demand for higher education is partly mel by two - year Junior colleges.
These schools are sometimes called community colleges".
Community colleges provide two - year associate degree program for free or low fee to school graduates.
Courses include training for specialized fields and help students gain occupational skills for immediate employment or prepare for more advanced study Many junior college graduates apply to four year colleges or university Regardless of the institution type, in the United States, students typically earn credits for courses they take and these credits count towards the completion of a program are often divided into core" subject Courses courses to provide to provide the foundation of the degree program and major specialization in a subject area Students can also take "elective" courses to explore other topics interest for a well - rounded educational experience The US, academic calendar typically runs from September to May and can be divided into two academic terms of 16 - 18 weeks known as semesters Alternatively, some schools may operate on a quarter or trimester system of multiple terms of 10 - 12 weeks Although it is easy to get to a university, it is not so easy to stay there because of the points system.
Students are given grade points continuously according to how well or how badly they are doing in all their courses.
The system of education in the USA varies greatly from state to state?
The system of education in the USA varies greatly from state to state.
School education in so called state public schools is free.
Parents are free to choose any public school for their children.
Although there are a lot of private schools, mainly religious, and parents have to pay for them.
A school year starts in September and ends in June.
It is divided into three terms or four quarters.
American children start attending elementary schools at the age of 6.
They continue their studies for eight years there (8 grades).
Their basic subjects in the curriculum at this stage are English, Arithmetic, Natural Science, History, Geography, Foreign Language and some others.
After that pupils may enter a Senior high school or if they go to a 5 - or 6 - year elementary school, they then attend a 3 - or 4 - year Junior high school, and then enter a Senior high school.
Pupils graduate from high schools at the age of 18.
The high schools (also known as secondary schools) are generally larger and accommodate teenagers from four or five elementary schools.
During the school year the students study four or five selective subjects according to their professional interests.
They must complete a certain number of courses to receive a high school diploma or a certificate of school graduation.
In order to develop social skills and encourage students’ participation in extracurricular activities every high school has an orchestra, a music band, a choir, drama groups, football, basketball and baseball teams.
School becomes the centre of social life for students.
At American colleges and universities young people get higher education.
They study for 4 years and get a Bachelor's degree in arts or science.
If a student wants to get a Master's degree he must study for two more years and do a research work.
Students who want to advance their education even further in a specific field can pursue a Doctor degree.
The most famous American universities are Harvard, Princeton, Stanford, Yale, Columbia Universities.
Помогите заделать по транскрипции на русском например Oxsford - Охсфорд?
Помогите заделать по транскрипции на русском например Oxsford - Охсфорд.
. This university town is very beautiful.
The oldest university there is Oxford.
The first of its colleges was founded in 1249.
The university now has thirty - five colleges and about thirteen thousand students, many of them from other countries.
There were no women at Oxford until 1878.
When the first women's college Lady Margaret Hall, opened.
Now most colleges are open to men and women.
It is not easy to get a place at Oxford University to study for a degree.
But outside the university there are many smaller private colleges which offer less difficult courses and where it is easy to enrol.
Most students in these private school take business, secretarial or English language courses.
Oxford is, of course, famous for its first - class education as well as its beautiful buildings.
Some of the most intelligent men and women in the country live and work here.
Oxford gives them what they need : a quiet atmosphere, friendly colleagues and the four - hundred - year - old library, which has about five million books.
Oxford has same of the finest architecture in Britain.
Some of their colleges, chapels and libraries are there, four and even five hundred years old, and are full off books and precious paintings.
You can see there many lovely gardens, where the students can read and relax in the summer months.
1. Прочитайте текст и сделайте письменный перевод?
1. Прочитайте текст и сделайте письменный перевод.
Education in Russia.
Our educational system is not very complex.
It is divided into three stages : preschool education, secondary education and higher education.
Each of them has its own peculiarities.
The preschool education is provided by nursery schools and it depends upon the parents to send their children or not.
There children learn the fundamentals of reading, writing, counting.
There are different types of secondary schools : general secondary, technical schools, and vocational schools.
Every boy or girl must get secondary education.
They go to school at the age of six or seven and must stay there until they are 14 - 17 years old.
At schools pupils study academic subjects, such as Russian, Literature, Mathematics, History, Biology, a foreign language and other.
Higher education in our country is available to those having secondary education who have passed entrance examinations.
Most colleges, universities and institutes are state ones, but there are also private colleges.
They train specialists in different branches of science and technology.
Most higher schools have their own hostels and living and recreation complexes for students.
Our educational system is in the process of perfection to meet the requirements of our developing economy.
Our enterprises work in close collaboration with foreign enterprises of the same field and carry out the exchange of specialists.
2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1. Our educational system is very complex, isn’t it?
2. What are the main stages of our educational system?
3. Is higher education available for everybody?
4. Are all the colleges in our country private?
5. Where do young specialists work after their graduation?
6. What do you know about the exchange of specialists?
7. Do high - school students usually apply to more than one college or university?
8. How do the university students spend their summer holidays?
9. Do you have to pay for your education?
ПЕРЕВОД?
ПЕРЕВОД!
ОЧЕНЬ СРОЧНО!
ПОЖАЛУЙСТА!
Text B
#Higher education
Only about one third of school leavers receive post - - school education.
Compared with over 80 per cent in Germany, France, the United States, and Japan.
However, it must be borne in mind that once admitted to university
relatively fewer (15 per cent) British students fail to complete their degree course
Fourteen per cent of 18 - and 19 - year - olds enter full - time courses (degree or
#t other advanced courses higher than A level) and it is hoped that this will rise to
#about 20 per cent by the end of the century.
These courses are provided #in
A universities, polytechnics.
Scottish central institutions, colleges of higher (HIE) a# d
яра
further (FE) education, and technical, art and agricultural colleges.
In 1985 86, tor
s * example, a million students were enrolled in full - time courses, of whom
Were at universities, 300000 (on advanced courses outside universities, and another
400000 were on non - advanced vocational training and educational courses
#r (addition there were 32 million part - time students.
Of whom half a million
released by their employers.
(over 90 per cent of full - time students receive gr!
Is
to assist with their tuition and cost of living.
However in September 1990.
#le
government, while still providing tuition fees, froze the grant for cost of liv i ту
s expenses.
And set up a new system whereby students were to take out loans to * e Cover the short fall.
Today there are forty - seven universities in Britain, Compared with
venteen in 1945 They fa!
Into four broad categories : the ancient Eng!
H
(uncial!
Ions.
The ancient Scottish ones, the redbrick - universities, and
plategiass ones.
They are ll private institutions, receiving direct grants (rt n
central government.
Oxford and Cambridge, founded i!
The thirteenth fourteenth centuries respectively, are easily the most famous of Britain
universities.
Today Oxbridge, as the two together are known, educate less than
one tenth of Britain's total university student population.
But they continue
attract many of the best brains, and to mesmerise a greater number, partly : on
account of their prestige but also on account of the seductive beauty of many к!
Their buildings and surroundings.
Cambridge UniversityCambridge University is the second - oldest university in the English - speaking world (after the University of Oxford) and the seventh - oldest in the world?
Cambridge University
Cambridge University is the second - oldest university in the English - speaking world (after the University of Oxford) and the seventh - oldest in the world.
The story of Cambridge University begins in 1209 when several hundred students arrived in the little town of Cambridge after having walked 60 miles from Oxford.
These students were all churchmen and had been studying in Oxford at that city's well - known schools.
It was a hard life at Oxford for there was constant trouble, even fighting, between the citizens of the town and the students.
Then one day a student accidentally killed a man of the town.
The Mayor arrested three other students who were innocent and they were put to death.
In protest, many students left Oxford, some of them went to Cambridge.
And so the new University began.
It was Cambridge University.
Of course, there were no Colleges in those early days and student life was very different from what it is now.
Students were of all ages and came from anywhere and everywhere.
Life in College was strict.
Students were forbidden to play games, to sing (except sacred music), to hunt or fish or even to dance.
Books were very rare and all the lessons were in the Latin language which students were supposed to speak even among themselves.
In 1440 King Henry VI founded King's College, and other colleges followed.
Nowadays there are more than 30 different colleges, including five for women students and several mixed colleges, in the University.
The number of students in colleges is different : from 30 to 400 or 500.
There are many ancient traditions that are still observed at Cambridge.
Students are required to wear gowns at lectures, in the University library, in the street in the evening, for dinners in the colleges and for official visits.
One more tradition is to use Latin during public ceremonies of awarding degrees.
All the students must pay for their education, examinations, books, laboratories, university hostel, the use of libraries.
The cost is high.
It depends on college and university speciality.
Very few students get grants.
Many great men studied at Cambridge, for example, Bacon (the philosopher), Milton and Byron (the poets), Cromwell (the soldier), Newton (the outstanding physicist), Darwin (who is famous for his theory of evolution) and Kapitsa (the famous Russian physicist).
1. What is the second - oldest university in the English - speaking world?
2. When was the University of Cambridge founded?
3. How many colleges are there at the University now?
4. What ancient traditions are still observed at Cambridge?
5. Who studied at this University?
ПОМОГИТЕ ОТВЕТИТЬ НА ВОПРСЫ.
Помогите перевести текст, не успеваю совсем?
Помогите перевести текст, не успеваю совсем.
English Universities
All English universities except Oxford and Cambridge are fairly new.
London University is the biggest of the modern English universities and has many colleges and schools.
A university usually has both faculties and departments.
The faculties are arts, law, medicine, science and theology.
The departments include engineering, economics, commerce, agriculture, music and technology.
At the head of each faculty there is a professor.
A staff of teachers called lecturers help him.
Professors and lecturers give lectures to large numbers of students or study with small groups, and here the students have a chance to discuss.
All universities admit men and women, but within some universities there are colleges specially for one sex.
Most of the universities provide hostels for their students.
There are many types of colleges in England.
There are colleges within universities.
There are teachers' training colleges.
There are also technical colleges of various types, colleges of arts and commerce.
Colleges give a specialized training.
Those who wish to become teachers spend three years at a teachers' training college.
They study various subjects and learn how to teach, they have practice lessons at schools.
Задание 3?
Задание 3.
Перепишите и переведите предложения, поставив глагол в
нужную форму.
1. Before the invention of steel all railways cars (to make – Past Perfect
Passive) of wood.
2. We arrived at the railway station when the train (to approach –Past
Continuous Active) the platform.
3. The construction of the new circular road which (to link – Future Indefinite
Active) several districts (to start) –Present Perfect Passive) recently.
Задание 5.
Перепишите и переведите текст.
Oxford - the University Town
Oxford as the university town is very beautiful.
The oldest university there is
Oxford.
The first of its colleges was founded in 1249.
The university now has
thirty - nine colleges and over sixteen and a half thousand students.
Almost a quarter
of these students are from overseas.
More than 130 nationalities are represented
among our student body.
Almost 5, 000 students are engaged in postgraduate work.
Of these, around 3, 000 are working in the arts and humanities.
Every year more
than 16, 500 people take part in courses offered by the University's Department for
Continuing Education.
In the years since the war, Oxford has added to its humanistic core a major new
research capacity in the natural and applied sciences, including medicine.
There were no women at Oxford until 1878, when the first women's college
Lady Margaret Hall was opened.
From 1878, academic halls were established for
women, who became members of the University in 1920.
Since 1974, all but one
of Oxford's 39 colleges have changed their statutes to admit both men and women.
St Hilda's remains the only women's college.
It is not easy to get a place at Oxford
University to study for a degree.
The University offers a wide range of taught graduate courses and research
degrees, ranging from one to three or more years in length.
While the Master of
Studies (MSt) degree is awarded after examination at the end of three terms' work,
three or more years are normally required to complete a thesis for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy.
For all diplomas and degrees, except the few offered as parttime
courses, students must spend a period in residence - which means
postgraduate students live in term time within 25 miles of Oxford.
There are no
external degrees and there are only a few part - time courses in specific subjects.
The academic year runs from October to September and is divided into three
terms and three vacations.
Outside the university there are also many smaller private colleges which offer
less difficult courses and where it is easy to enroll.
Most students in these private
schools take business, secretarial or English language courses.
Oxford is, of course, famous for its first - class education as well as its beautiful
buildings.
Some of the most intelligent men and women in the country live and
work here.
Oxford gives them what they need : a quiet atmosphere, friendly
colleagues and the four - hundred - year - old library, which has about five million
books.
Oxford has some of the finest architecture in Britain.
Some of their colleges,
chapels and libraries are three, four and even five hundred years old, and are full of
books and precious paintings.
You can see there many lovely gardens, where the
students can read and relax in the summer months.
Throughout its history, Oxford has produced gifted men and women in every
sphere of human endeavor who have studied or taught at the University.
Among
these are 5 kings, 40 Nobel prize - winners, 25 British Prime Ministers, 9 current
holders of the Order of Merit, plus 3 Saints, 85 Archbishops and 18 Cardinals.
Задание 6.
Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений соответствуют
содержанию текста.
Используйте фразы : It is right.
It is wrong.
Исправьте
неверные утверждения.
Образец : 1) The first of its colleges was founded in 1249.
It is right.
2) The university now has twenty - nine colleges.
It is wrong.
The university now
has thirty - nine colleges.
1). Every year more than 16, 500 people take part in courses offered by the
University's Department for Continuing Education.
2) From 1878, academic halls were established for women, who became
members of the University in 1930.
3. There are also external degrees and there are only a few part - time courses in
specific subjects.
4. Most students in these private schools take business, secretarial or English
language courses.
5. Some of their colleges, chapels and libraries are three, four and even five
hundred years old, and are full of books and precious paintings.
Помогите перевести?
Помогите перевести.
Очень срочно.
You know that American children go to school for twelve years.
There are different schools in the USA : large and small, public and private, co - educational and for boys and for girls alone, schools in karge cities and in small towns.
When the children are 5 years old they go to kindergarten.
After kindergarten they go to elementary school.
They study there four years more.
Most Americans finish hight school because it is free.
Public schools, one of the types of hight schools, are always big.
There are about 15 hunder boys ang girls there.
Most American public schools are co - educational which means that boys and girls study together.
Most Americans go to public schools.
When the American children finish hight school they can go to college.
A college is like a university.
The difference is that a university has several college.
The students study at college 4 years.
The school years always begins in September or October and ends in May or June.
Many young people cannot go to college becouse it costs too much.
Some colleges have 3 hundred students or fewer, but some universities have twenty thousand students or more.
Выпишите из текста существительные, прилагательные и глаголы с аффиксами и сгруппируйте их по алфавиту?
Выпишите из текста существительные, прилагательные и глаголы с аффиксами и сгруппируйте их по алфавиту.
If you meet a group of twelfth grade students they are all talking about one thing : what are they going to do next year?
Some students don't want to go on with their education.
When they leave school they will look for a job.
Other students are thinking about colleges.
They are each writing letters to three or four different colleges, and sending in forms.
Colleges accept only those students who have done well in high school.
They want to meet these students before they decide to accept them.
Colleges want to know why students have chosen them, and how they will pay for their college education.
Students choose from about 2000 colleges in the U.
S. livery school has its own special flavor.
Top students may choose famous "Ivy League" schools like Princeton, Harvard, or Yale.
They are the oldest colleges in the country — excellent, but very expensive.
Other students choose large universities because they teach lots of different subjects.
Some choose small religious colleges.
There are differences between colleges and the type of study programs they have.
For example, many four - year "Liberal Arts" colleges are small and teach only the most important subjects for a general education.
State universities are large.
They teach many subjects and have some programs that last longer than four years.
State universities are paid for by money from the state.
Students from that state pay less to study there.
Colleges are paid for privately, so students usually pay more to go there.
Whether a student chooses a small college or a large university, the cost of higher education in the United States is rising every year.
Many parents find it too expensive.
Colleges and universities often have money for students who cannot pay, but it is not enough for everyone.
Some have part - time jobs while they are at college.
Studying and working at the same time can be very hard.
But these students think it's worth all the hard work to get the college education they want.
Помогите пожалуйста очень нужна помощьсоставить вопросы к тексту ( вопросы типаобщийАльтернативный вопросРазделительный вопросВопрос к подлежащемуСпециальный вопросHigher Education in Great BritainThe?
Помогите пожалуйста очень нужна помощь
составить вопросы к тексту ( вопросы типа
общий
Альтернативный вопрос
Разделительный вопрос
Вопрос к подлежащему
Специальный вопрос
Higher Education in Great Britain
The structure of higher education in Great Britain is very complex.
The main sources of higher educational institutions are : universities (including the Open University), teacher - training colleges and polytechnics.
British universities come in all ages, sizes and shapes.
The oldest of them, Oxford and Cambridge, founded in the 12 - th and 13 - th centuries took the students from all over the country.
The younger civic or “Redbrick” universities serving the needs of their cities were organized in the 19 - th century.
The newest “Whitebrick” universities came into existence during the 1960s.
Admission to universities is by examination or selection in the form of interviews.
Applications from candidates for admission to nearly all universities are submitted to the Universities’ Central Council on Admissions (UCCA).
It is the UCCA that sends the copies to different universities and each university selects its own students.
British universities are independent, self - governing institutions.
Although they all receive financial support from the state (about 79 per cent), the Department of Education and Science has no control over their regulations, curriculum, examinations and the way in which the money is spent.
Teacher education includes all forms of education provided mostly by teacher - training colleges, which receive their grants directly from the Department of Education and Science.
The great majority of colleges are maintained by the Local Education Authorities.
The most usual route to a teaching qualification is by way of three or four - year course, leading to the Bachelor of Education Degree.
The universities and teacher - training colleges are classed as higher educational institutions because they award degrees.
The normal duration of a first degree course is three of four years.
At the end a Bachelor Degree is awarded on the results of examinations.
A Master Degree is usually awarded after a further year or two years of studies.
The highest degree is the Doctor of Philosophy.
It is awarded for research and submission of a thesis - normally after Bachelor and Master Degrees.
Apart from the Universities and teacher - training colleges there are 30 polytechnics in England and Wales and 14 Scottish central institutions.
The work of the Polytechnics is of university level.
But the universities, funded directly by the state, are less controlled than the Polytechnics.
Local Education Authorities are responsible for the budgets of the Polytechnics.
Their work is planned and financed by the Polytechnics and Colleges Funding Council.
Most degrees in Polytechnics are awarded by a national body called the Council for National Academic Awards.
The Council ensures that the degrees awarded in polytechnics are equal to the degrees awarded by universities.
Polytechnics award the Diploma in Technology.
The usual course for the diploma is 3 years for full - time students and 4 years for “sandwich” course ones.
The “sandwich” course students alternate periods of full - time education and fulltime employment.
These courses provide many people with the opportunity of receiving higher technical education.
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When Harvard College was founded?
A university provides advanced studies in most of the subjects that are offered in colleges, doesn't it?
What institution types offer higher - education degrees?
Are the majority of liberal arts institutions private?
Are students typically earn credits for courses they take in USA?