Английский язык | 5 - 9 классы
ПЕРЕВЕСТИ 5.
Safety was always one of the main concerns of London transport.
In spite of the feet that trains often follow each other within seconds, it is said that the London Underground is the safest form of transport in die world.
Automatic signalling is operated by the trains themselves.
A programme machine controls routes : if changes are necessary, they are made automatically and with lightning speed.
No accidents can happen through human weakness.
New automatic driving systems are now being used The air in the Underground is changed every quarter of an hour, and the temperature all year round is maintained at 69 - 79 degrees Fahrenheit.
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) Going UndergroundIn the 1860s London was, quite literally, the capital of the world.
The city was growing, and as its population grew as well, transport in the city became a big problem.
Some new way of travelling was needed and people looked to the innovations of the Industrial Revolution.
The invention of the steam engine was relatively new and exciting and people began to think that it could be possible to transport people by trains underground.
So it was that in 1863, using techniques borrowed from digging tunnels for other uses, a 2 - mile line from Paddington in West London to Farringdon in East London was built.
Major cities all over the world soon copied this type of city transit engineering.
The most famous include : 1.
Moscow underground which is the largest in terms of passenger numbers, with more than a billion passenger journeys a year.
Some underground stations are very beautiful and include sculptures, mosaic pictures in the ceilings, picturesque decorations.
The price of a Metro ticket is less than $0, 5.
The first line was open in the thirties of the 20th century.
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) LONDON'S UNDERGROUND 1.
Bands were playing and the gentlemen in hats were preparing to make speeches about their great achievement.
They made the first underground railway travel in the world - a distance of almost four miles.
It was the year 1863 and on that first historic day 30, 000 Londoners used this new and strange way of travel.
Now more than a hundred years later the London Underground carries more than a million passengers every day.
The total number of passengers carried by the London Underground each year is enormous, and it is constantly growing.
2. In the early days the trains were driven by steam locomotives which burnt coal.
It is said that the train staff and porters' asked permission to grow beards and moustaches - as an early form of smog mask.
Now the atmosphere "underground" is considered even better than that outside as germs cannot grow in the dry air - and the trains, of course, are electric.
3. The deep tunnelling came later, in 1890.
Tunnelling a tube through miles of clay, and sometimes sand and gravel is no easy task, and it was James Henry Greathead who developed the method which was to make most of London's tube tunnels possible.
London transport's experience with tunnels brought them another record.
One of the longest continuous railway tunnels in the world is the 17 1 / 2 mile tunnel on the Northern line.
4. There are numerous escalators which help to keep the traffic moving.
The first was installed in 1911.
One of them at Leicester Square is over 80 feet in length.
On long escalators the speed is changeable.
Hie "up" escalator runs at full speed when carrying passengers, but when empty it runs at half speed.
Many of the new escalators have automatic control making a more frequent service throughout the possible.
5. Safety was always one of the main concerns of London transport.
In spite of the feet that trains often follow each other within seconds, it is said that the London Underground is the safest form of transport in die world.
Automatic signalling is operated by the trains themselves.
A programme machine controls routes : if changes are necessary, they are made automatically and with lightning speed.
No accidents can happen through human weakness.
New automatic driving systems are now being used The air in the Underground is changed every quarter of an hour, and the temperature all year round is maintained at 69 - 79 degrees Fahrenheit.
6. Though the quality of service is high there is still significant overcrowding on certain lines at peak periods.
This problem is being discussed and additional improvement of service is planned for the future.
A number of station modernization schemes are being completed.
The aim is to provide a more attractive environment for the passengers.
The usage of modern materials makes maintenance easier.
This modernization is coordinated with the renewal of lifts and escalators and the introduction of new ticketing machines.
The Fare in the Underground depends on the distance, but the lowest is 50 pence The Underground is becoming much cleaner and brighter and therefore' more pleasant to use, carrying more passengers than at any time in its long Crime levels in London are generally reflected by crime levels on London's transport.
According to 1he statistics the crime level in the Underground is father high.
To ensure safety of passengers and the staff the transport authorities added more police officers to the Underground System to guarantee as much protection as possible.
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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - London is the capital of England, the capital of Great Britain, and the capital of the United Kingdom.
It is the largest town in Europe and one of the oldest towns in the world.
The old Celts gave it its name, the Romans!
Made it the centre of their new colony, the Germanic invaders tried to burn and to destroy it, the victorious Normans made it the capital of the country.
The central part of London is full of historical remains.
Nearly every building, every bridge, every street, palace, house, and stone — each of them has its own story, its own past.
In London past and present are so mixed together that they cannot easily be separated and when you are in London you see the past in the present and the present in the past.
The oldest part of London is called the City.
In the City the streets and pavements are very narrow and the traffic is very heavy on weekdays.
That is because the most important London firms and banks have offices there.
But at weekends the City is almost dead.
The most fashionable and the most expensive part to live in is the West End.
It is situated between the City and Hyde Park.
The City and the West End are the heart of London ; they are the parts which everybody who comes to London must see and wants to see, because they are more interesting than any other part of London.
All the most interesting buildings, shops and offices are situated here.
The oldest underground in the world?
The oldest underground in the world.
Укажите верные утверждения?
Укажите верные утверждения.
The main borders of Russia with other countries are in the south and in the west.
They are the Arctic, the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans that Russia is washed by.
There is no official language in Russia as it is a multinational state.
There are three parts of power that Russian political system consists of : the Federal Assembly, the Federation Council and the Duma.
ПЕРЕВЕСТИ 1?
ПЕРЕВЕСТИ 1.
Bands were playing and the gentlemen in hats were preparing to make speeches about their great achievement.
They made the first underground railway travel in the world - a distance of almost four miles.
It was the year 1863 and on that first historic day 30, 000 Londoners used this new and strange way of travel.
Now more than a hundred years later the London Underground carries more than a million passengers every day.
The total number of passengers carried by the London Underground each year is enormous, and it is constantly growing.
The Tower of London Most of London sights, such as the Tower, the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Trafalgar Square, and others are famous all over the world?
The Tower of London Most of London sights, such as the Tower, the Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Trafalgar Square, and others are famous all over the world.
The Tower of London was founded in the 11 th century by William the Conqueror.
The Tower in the past was a fortress, a palace, and a prison, Though the kings were born, lived and were married there, it happened also that kings and queens were murdered in the Tower.
It was said that whoever held the keys to the Tower, held the keys to the kingdom.
 The Tower of London The Tower has several towers : the Jewel Tower, where the Royal precious jewels are kept, the White Tower, in which the Kings of England held their Court, and others.
One of the towers is called the Bloody Tower where the king Edward V and his brother were murdered.
The Duke оfYork.
Queen Anne Boleyn, the Princess (afterwards Queen) Elisabeth and many other people were in prison in the Tower.
Now the Tower is a museum and the Crown jewels and other treasures are kept there.
The Guard, known as "beefeaters" still keep watch.
The Ceremony of the Key, that is centuries old takes place every night.
(перевод на казахский).
The underground railways as a kind of city transport appeared in the second half of the 19th century?
The underground railways as a kind of city transport appeared in the second half of the 19th century.
The first underground system was proposed by Charles Pearson in 1843.
Twenty years later the first line of the London Underground was opened for traffic.
Its length was almost four miles.
On that first historic day, 30, 000 Londoners made the first underground railway travel in the world.
In the early days, the trains were driven by steam locomotives, which burnt coal, filling the tunnels with smoke.
It is said that the train staff and porters asked for a permission to grow beards and moustaches – as an early form of smog mask.
The tunnels of the first underground were made as small as possible in order to reduce the construction costs.
The coaches themselves were small and narrow.
According to Pearson’s project, all lines were laid down close to the ground surface.
The deep tunneling came later, in 1890.
Constructing the tunnel through miles of clay, sand and gravel is no easy task, and it was James Henry Greathead who developed the method, which made the construction of most London tunnels possible.
One of the longest continuous tunnels in the world is the 17½ - mile tunnel on the Northern line.
The first escalator was also installed in the London Underground in 1911.
During the World War II, the London Underground served as a shelter for thousands of Londoners.
Many British Museum treasures spent the war in the tunnels of the underground.
The railways were prepared for any emergency that might occur.
They had duplicate control systems, repair groups, duplicate power supply and so on.
To minimize the danger of flooding the underground near the Thames, isolating doors were built in the tunnels.
All the trains were equipped with special reduced lighting for using on open sections of track.
Nowadays the London Underground is the most popular means of city transport.
Its length is about 300 km and it has 273 stations.
Найти глагол сказуемое, определить его видовременную форму и залог?
Найти глагол сказуемое, определить его видовременную форму и залог.
1 Our engineers are now working out new projects of the underground system.
2 The most important industrial regions are situated in the northern and western parts of the capital.
3 the trainees succeeded in controlling the movement of trains.
4 the university has issued a number of new textbooks this year.
Visit sweden and enjoy staying in the largest ice hotel in the world ?
Visit sweden and enjoy staying in the largest ice hotel in the world .
It is made up of over 6000 square feet of ice and snow.
The average temperature is 17 degrees fahrenheit.
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5. Безопасность всегда была одной из главных проблем лондонского транспорта.
Несмотря на ноги, что поезда часто следуют друг за другом в течение нескольких секунд, он сказал, что Лондонский метрополитен является самым безопасным видом транспорта в мире умирает.
Автоматическая сигнализация находится в ведении самих поездов.
Программа управления станка маршруты : если изменения необходимы, они сделаны автоматически и молниеносно.
ДТП не может произойти через человеческую слабость.
Новые автоматические системы вождения сейчас используется воздух в метро меняется каждые четверть часа, и температура круглый год поддерживается на уровне 69 - 79 градусов по Фаренгейту.