Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
5. Перепишите и переведите текст на родной язык :
OPERATING SYSTEMS : HIDDEN SOFTWARE
When a brand new computer comes off the factory assembly line, it can do nothing.
The hardware needs software to make it work.
Are we talking about applications software such as wordprocessing or spreadsheet software?
Partly.
But an applications software package does not communicate directly with the hardware.
Between the applications software and the hardware is a software interface - an operating system.
An operating system is a set of programs that lies between applications software and the computer hardware.
The most important program in the operating system, the program that manages the operating system, is the supervisor program, most of which remains in memory and is thus referred to as resident.
The supervisor controls the entire operating system and loads into memory other operating system programs (called nonresident) from disk storage only as needed.
An operating system has three main functions : (1) manage the computer’s resources, such as the central processing unit, memory, disk drives, and printers, (2) establish a user interface, and (3) execute and provide services for applications software.
Keep in mind, however, that much of the work of an operating system is hidden from the user.
In particular, the first listed function, managing the computer’s resources, is taken care of without the user being aware of the details.
Furthermore, all input and output operations, although invoked by an applications program, are actually carried out by the operating system.
6. Составьте пять вопросов разного типа по содержанию текста (см.
Задание 5) и письменно ответьте на них.
Помогите хоть чуток Write out the professional terminology from the text?
Помогите хоть чуток Write out the professional terminology from the text.
Computers are electronic machines which can accept data in a certain form, process the data and give the results of the processing in a specified format as information.
Three basic steps are involved in the process.
First, data are fed into the computer’s memory.
Then, when the program is run, the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data.
Finally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form.
Information in the form of data and programs is known as software, and the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system are called hardware.
A standard computer system consists of three main sections : the central processing unit (CPU), the main memory and the peripherals.
Perhaps the most influential component is the central processing unit.
Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all the other units.
In a way, it is the ‘brain’ of the computer.
The main memory holds the instructions and data which are currently being processed by the CPU.
The peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer.
They include storage devices and input / output devices.
Storage devices (floppy, hard or optical disks) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs.
Disk drives are used to handle one or more floppy disks.
Input devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory.
The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard.
Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system.
For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or prints the results onto paper by means of a printer.
On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into which we can plug a wide range of peripherals – modems, fax machines, optical drives and scanners.
These are the main physical units of a computer system, generally known as the configuration.
Прочитайте текст о структуре процессора и запол -ните пропуски, используя слова, приведенные ниже :Structure of the processorThe processor consists of a 1_____, which is a circuit board on which aremo?
Прочитайте текст о структуре процессора и запол -
ните пропуски, используя слова, приведенные ниже :
Structure of the processor
The processor consists of a 1_____, which is a circuit board on which are
mounted 2_____ chips, memory chips, and other components linked together by
3_____ lines or channels in the form of control, address, and data 4_____.
In
addition, a processor has 5_____, which are electronic circuits providing specialized
functions such as graphics, or which connect a system board to 6_____.
The
system board also consists of electronic devices, such as an electronic 7_____
for controlling the speed of operation ; 8_____, which store numeric data, during
the course of processing ; and various 9_____, including sequence control register,
address register, and function register.
Adaptor boards, registers, microprocessor, clock, сonductive,
system board, accumulators, input or output devices, buses THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
It is common practice in computer science for the words "computer" and "processor" to be used
interchangeably.
More precisely, "computer" refers to the central processing unit (CPU) together with an
internal memory.
The internal memory or main storage, control and processing components make up the
heart of the computer system.
Manufacturers design the CPU to control and carry out basic instructions
for their particular computer.
The CPU coordinates all the activities of the various components of the computer.
It determines which
operations should be carried out and in what order.
The CPU can also retrieve information from memory
and can store the results of manipulations back into the memory unit for later reference.
In digital computers the CPU can be divided into two functional units called the control unit (CU) and the
arithmetic - logical unit (ALU).
These two units are made up of electronic circuits with millions of
switches that can be in one of two states, either on or off.
The function of the control unit within the central processor is to transmit coordinating control signals and
commands.
The control unit is that portion of the computer that directs the sequence or step - by - step
operations of the system, selects instructions and data from memory, interprets the program instructions,
and controls the flow between main storage and the arithmetic - logical unit.
The arithmetic - logical unit, on the other hand, is that portion of the computer in which the actual
arithmetic operations, namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentation, called for
in the
instructions are performed.
It also performs some kinds of logical operations such as comparing or
selecting information.
All the operations of the ALU are under the direction of the control unit.
Programs and the data on which the control unit and the ALU operate, must be in internal memory in
order to be processed.
Thus, if located on secondary memory devices such as disks, programs and data are
first loaded into internal memory.
Main storage and the CPU are connected to a console.
Найдите в тексте :a) синонимы следующим словам : specific ; decides ; job ; movement ; situatedb) антонимы следующим словам : exceptional ; generally ; not needed ; taken out ; shut down?
Найдите в тексте :
a) синонимы следующим словам : specific ; decides ; job ; movement ; situated
b) антонимы следующим словам : exceptional ; generally ; not needed ; taken out ; shut down.
THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
It is common practice in computer science for the words "computer" and "processor" to be used
interchangeably.
More precisely, "computer" refers to the central processing unit (CPU) together with an
internal memory.
The internal memory or main storage, control and processing components make up the
heart of the computer system.
Manufacturers design the CPU to control and carry out basic instructions
for their particular computer.
The CPU coordinates all the activities of the various components of the computer.
It determines which
operations should be carried out and in what order.
The CPU can also retrieve information from memory
and can store the results of manipulations back into the memory unit for later reference.
In digital computers the CPU can be divided into two functional units called the control unit (CU) and the
arithmetic - logical unit (ALU).
These two units are made up of electronic circuits with millions of
switches that can be in one of two states, either on or off.
The function of the control unit within the central processor is to transmit coordinating control signals and
commands.
The control unit is that portion of the computer that directs the sequence or step - by - step
operations of the system, selects instructions and data from memory, interprets the program instructions,
and controls the flow between main storage and the arithmetic - logical unit.
The arithmetic - logical unit, on the other hand, is that portion of the computer in which the actual
arithmetic operations, namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentation, called for
in the
instructions are performed.
It also performs some kinds of logical operations such as comparing or
selecting information.
All the operations of the ALU are under the direction of the control unit.
Programs and the data on which the control unit and the ALU operate, must be in internal memory in
order to be processed.
Thus, if located on secondary memory devices such as disks, programs and data are
first loaded into internal memory.
Main storage and the CPU are connected to a console.
Подскажите где в предложениях подлежащее и сказуемое?
Подскажите где в предложениях подлежащее и сказуемое?
1. The hardware components are the electronic and mechanical parts of the system.
1. Компоненты оборудования являются электронными и механическими частями системы.
2. A computer system consists of two parts : the software and the hardware.
2. Компьютерная система состоит из двух частей : программного обеспечения и аппаратного обеспечения.
3. Portable computers use a flat liquid - crystal display (LCD) instead of a picture tube.
3. Портативные компьютеры используют плоский
жидкокристаллический дисплей (LCD) вместо кинескопа.
Переведите пожалуйста текст?
Переведите пожалуйста текст.
(если можно, то без помощи этих переводчиков).
Apple Inc.
Is an American multinational corporation that designs and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers.
It was founded on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs, California.
The company was named Apple Computer, Inc.
For its first 30 years.
The word "Computer" was removed from its name on January 9, 2007, as its traditional focus on personal computers shifted towards consumer electronics.
The company's best - known hardware products are the Macintosh line of computers, the iPod, the iPhone and the iPad.
Its software includes the OS X and iOS operating system ; the iTunes media browser ; and the iLife and iWork creativity and production suites.
Apple is the world's third - largest mobile phone maker after Samsung and Nokia.
Fortune magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in 2008, and in the world from 2008 to 2012.
However, the company has received widespread criticism for its contractors' labor, and for its environmental and business practices.
Перевести не с помощью переводчика What is a computer?
Перевести не с помощью переводчика What is a computer?
Computer is a device for processing information.
Computer has no intelligence by itself and is called hardware.
A computer system is a combination of four elements : a) Hardware b) Software c) Procedures d) Data / information Software are the programs that tell the hardware how to perform a task.
Without software instructions, the hardware doesn’t know what to do.
The basic job of the computer is the processing of information.
Computers take information in the form of instructions called programs and symbols called data.
After that they perform various mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results (information).
Computer is used to convert data into information.
Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.
Ответить на вопросы : 1) What does the term “computer” describe?
2) Is computer intelligent?
3) What are four components of computer system?
4) What is software?
5) What’s the difference between the hardware and software?
6) In what way terms “data” and “information” differ?
7) How does computer convert data into information?
It is well known in computer science that the words 'computer' and 'processor' are used interchangeably?
It is well known in computer science that the words 'computer' and 'processor' are used interchangeably.
Speaking more precisely, ‘computer’ refers to the central processing unit (CPU) together with an internal memory.
The internal memory, control and processing components make up the heart of the computer system.
Manufactures design the CPU to control and carry out basic instructions for their particular computer.
The CPU coordinates all the activities of the various components of the computer.
It determines which operations should be carried out and in what order.
The CPU controls the operation of the entire system by issuing commands to other parts of the system and by acting on responses.
When required it reads information from the memory, interprets instructions, performs operations on the data according to the instructions, writes the results back into the memory and moves information between memory levels or through the input - output ports.
In4igital computers the CPU can be divided into two functional units called the control unit (CU) and the arithmetic - logical unit (ALU).
These two units are made up of electronic circuits with millions of switches that can be in one of two states, either on or off.
The function of the CU within the central processor is to transmit coordinating control signals and commands.
The control unit is that part of the computer that directs the sequence of step - by - step operations of the system, selects instructions and data from memory, interprets the program instructions, and controls the flow between main storage and the arithmetic - logical unit.
The ALU, on the other hand, is that part of the computer in which the actual arithmetic operations, namely, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentiation, called for in the instructions are performed.
Programs and the data on which the CU and the ALU operate, must be in internal memory in order to be processed.
Thus, if located in secondary memory devices, such as disks or tapes, programs and data are first loaded into internal memory.
В этом тексте нужно найти вот эти слова
Хорошо известно ; к компьютеру относятся ; внутренняя память ; составлять суть ; выполнять ; координировать деятельность ; определяя в каком порядке ; управлять работой всей системы ; при необходимости ; в соответствии с командами ; уровни памяти ; порт ввода - вывода ; переключатели ; режим включения или выключения ; передавать сигналы ; указывать последовательность пошаговых операций ; основная память ; управлять ходом выполнения программы ; с другой стороны ; выполнять вычитание, сложение, возведение в степень, деление, умножение ; для того чтобы.
СРОЧНО ?
СРОЧНО !
Написать краткий пересказ на русском, каждый абзац по отдельности.
БЕЗ использования переводчика
Systems software are the programs designed to control the operation of a computer system.
They do not solve specific problems.
They are written to assist people in the use of the computer system by performing tasks, such as controlling all of the operations required, to move data into and out of a computer and all of the steps in executing an application program.
The person who prepares systems software is referred to as a systems programmer.
Systems programmers are highly trained specialists and important members of the architectural team.
Applications software are the programs written to solve specific problems (applications), such as payroll, inventory control, and investment analysis.
The word program usually refers to an application program, and the word programmer is usually a person who prepares applications software.
Often programs, particularly systems software, are stored in an area of memory not used for applications software.
These protected programs are stored in an area of memory called readonly memory (ROM), which can be read from but not written on.
Firmware is a term that is commonly used to describe certain programs that are stored in ROM.
Firmware often refers to a sequence of instructions (software) that is substituted for hard¬ware.
For example, in an instance where cost is more important than performance, the computer system architect might decide not to use special electronic circuits (hardware) to multiply two numbers, but instead write instructions (software) to cause the machine to accomplish the same function by repeated use of circuits already designed to perform addition.
Помогите пожалуйста с переводом?
Помогите пожалуйста с переводом!
What is a computer?
A computer is a machine that performs tasks, such as calculations or electronic communication, under the control of a set of instructions called a program.
Programs usually reside within a computer and arc retrieved and processed by the computer's electronics.
I he program results are stored and routed to output devices, such as video display monitors or printers.
A wide variety of activities is performed by computers reliably, accurately, and quickly.
Computers are extremely versatile.
In fact, they are universal information processing machines.
According to the Church - Taring thesis, computer with a certain minimum threshold capability is in principal capable of performing the tasks of any other computer Therefore, computers with capabilities ranging from those of a personal digital assistant to a supercomputer may all perform the same tasks, as long as the time and memory capacity are not considerations.
Therefore, the same computer designs may be adapted for tasks ranging from processing company payrolls to controlling unmanned spaceflights.
Due to technological advancement, modern electronic computers are exponentially more capable than those of preceding generations.
I he physical computer and its components are known as hardware.
Computer hardware includes the memory that stores data and program instructions : the central processing unit (CPU) that carries out program instructions ; the input devices, such as a keyboard or a mouse, that allow the user to communicate with the computer ; the output devices, such as printers and video display monitors, that enable the computer to present information to the user : and buses (hardware lines or wires) that connect these and other computer components.
The programs that run on the computer arc called software.
Software is generally designed to perform a particular type of task for example, to write a letter, to display and modify a photograph, or to direct the general operation of the computer.
Ребят помогите кто нибудь с английским нужно составить предложения из данных слов?
Ребят помогите кто нибудь с английским нужно составить предложения из данных слов.
1) is, the, system, of, complex, one, the, nervous, most, systems, all, of, body, human.
2) lymph, are, blood, and, the, tissues, body, of, liquid, the.
3) includes, muscles, the, and, musculoskeletal, the, system, bones, joints.
Вы открыли страницу вопроса 5. Перепишите и переведите текст на родной язык :OPERATING SYSTEMS : HIDDEN SOFTWAREWhen a brand new computer comes off the factory assembly line, it can do nothing?. Он относится к категории Английский язык. Уровень сложности вопроса – для учащихся 10 - 11 классов. Удобный и простой интерфейс сайта поможет найти максимально исчерпывающие ответы по интересующей теме. Чтобы получить наиболее развернутый ответ, можно просмотреть другие, похожие вопросы в категории Английский язык, воспользовавшись поисковой системой, или ознакомиться с ответами других пользователей. Для расширения границ поиска создайте новый вопрос, используя ключевые слова. Введите его в строку, нажав кнопку вверху.
Извините если я сделаю в данное время половину постараюсь всё перевести без ошибок!
Первое предложение я не пишу извините!
Аппаратное обеспечение нуждается в программном обеспечении, чтобы заставить его работать.
Мы говорим о прикладном программном обеспечении, таком как вордпрокесинд или программное обеспечение для работы с электронными таблицами?
Частично.
Но программный пакет приложений не связывается напрямую с оборудованием.
Между программным обеспечением приложения и аппаратным обеспечением является программный интерфейс операционной системы.
Операционная система представляет собой набор программ, которые находятся между прикладным программным обеспечением и компьютерным оборудованием.
Самая важная программа в операционной системе, которая управляет операционной системой, - это программа супервизора, большая часть которой остается в памяти и поэтому ссылается на как житель.
Супервизор контролирует всю операционную систему и загружает в память другие операционные системы (называемые нерезидентами) из дискового хранилища только по мере необходимости.
Операционная система имеет три основные функции : (1) управление ресурсами компьютера, такими как центральный процессор, память, дисководы и принтеры, (2) создание пользовательского интерфейса и (3) выполнение и предоставление услуг для прикладного программного обеспечения , Однако имейте в виду, что большая часть работы операционной системы скрыта от пользователя.
В частности, первая перечисленная функция, управляющая ресурсами компьютера, заботится о том, чтобы пользователь не знал о деталях.
Последние не смогла перевести извините, можете если вы хотите воспользоваться переводчиком.
Дальше делать 6 задание я продолжу в комментариях.