Английский язык | студенческий
Education in Scotland
1.
I n Scotland, education is supervised by the Scottish Education Department and administered by the education committees of the regional authorities.
Unlike the English system, independent “public school” play only a minor role in Scottish education.
The number of state nursery schools, though increasing, remains insufficient ; private schools and play groups help to fill the gap.
School is compulsory to age 16.
Teachers receive their professional training in colleges of education.
2. Since 1960 the number of universities has increased from four to eight.
Of the original four, St.
Andrews, ]the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow and the Heriot - Walt University in Edinburgh, formerly technological colleges, were upgraded to universities, retaining their scientific and technological emphasis.
3. The University of Dundee was separated from the University of St.
Andrews, which had some departments in Dundee.
The University of Stirling, the only completely new institution, was opened in 1967.
The new universities do not teach law and divinity but place most emphasis on science and technology and have close links with science - based industries in their neighborhoods.
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From the end of the World War II the state in the United Kingdom provides a full range of free educational facilities.
Firstly, there is no prescribed curriculum.
In each area Local Education Authority is responsible for education.
At any publicly - maintained school no tuition fees are paid.
State schooling in the United Kingdom is financed partly by the Government and partly by local rates.
Schooling is voluntary under the age of five, but there is some free nursery school education before that age.
At this exam they were selected, or “streamed” according to their current level of academic attainment, for training in different types of secondary schools.
Grammar schools provided a mainly academic course for the top 20 percent ; modern schools provided general education with a practical bias.
In 1965 non - selective comprehensive schools were introduced.
IMost local education authorities have now completely changed over to comprehensive schooling.
At the age of sixteen pupils take school - leaving examinations in several subjects at the Ordinary level.
Pupils of comprehensive school had taken the examination called the Certificate of Secondary Education either with or instead of the General Certificate of Education, Ordinary level.
The examination for the General Certificate of Education of Advanced (“A”) level was taken two years after the Ordinary level exam.
The exam was conducted by eight independent examining boards, most of them connected with the university.
The most expensive day or boarding schools in Britain are exclusive public schools like Eton college for boys or St.
James’ school for girl.
. There are about 2500 fee - charging independent schools in Great Britain.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals?
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals.
The University of St Andrews is the______________ university in
Scotland and the____________ oldest in the English - speaking world
after Oxford and Cambridge.
The university is situated in the town of
St Andrews on the_____________ coast of Scotland.
It was founded
in 1410.
St Andrews is known for its world - class teaching and scientific work of its students.
The Guardian says it is the______________ university in Scotland
and one of the most prestigious universities in the UK.
Foreigners can also get education here.
Over 30 percent of students have come from more than 100 countries.
Rudyard Kipling (the Nobel Prize winner, the British author and poet ; , J.
M. Barrie (the Scottish author of Peter Pan), F.
Nansen (the Norwegian explorer, scientist, diplomat and a Nobel Peace Prize winner ; ____________ once Rectors of St Andrews.
Among famous students are the names of the Duke of Cambridge _________at university as William Wales, grandson of Queen Elizabeth II and his wife the Duchess of Cambridge.
OLD
THREE|
EAST
GOOD
BE
KNOW.
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THE SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN
The system of education in any country is aimed at developing a personality for the good of the individual and society as a whole.
Pre - school education in England begins at the age of 3 or 4.
Around half of the children at this age attend nursery schools or playgroups mostly organised by parents.
Children of thi s age need care as well as education.
That's why kids play a lot, learn to listen attentively and to behave.
Compulsory primary education begins at the age of five in England, Wales and Scotland and at four in Northern Ireland.
Children start their school career in an infant school.
Lessons start at 9 a.
M. and are over at 4 p.
M. They are taught «3 R's» : Reading, wRiting, aRithtnetic.
Pupils have a lot of fun at school, drawing, reading, dancing or singing.
When they are 7 pupils move to a junior school, which lasts four years till they are 11.
They study a lot of subjects : English, Mathematics, Science, History, Geography along with Technology, Music, Art and Physical education
Most of children (over 90 per cent) go to state schools where education is free.
Only a small proportion of them attend private (Public) or independent schools.
Parents have to pay for the education at these schools.
The fees are high and only some families can afford it.
So such schools are for the representatives of the high class of England.
The most notable Public schools are Eton, Harrow,
Winchester, Rugby.
Secondary education begins at 11.
The majority of secondary schools are Comprehensive schools where boys and girls study together.
Besides, parents can take their
sons and daughters to Grammar schools or Secondary Modern schools.
Grammar schools provide an academic course from 11 to 18.
They prepare pupils for colleges and universities.
Many children of working class families go to Modern schools.
They give a very limited education.
Pupils get instruction in woodwork, metalwork, sewing, shorthand, typing and cooking.
After finishing such a school a pupil becomes an unskilled worker.
The Comprehensive Schools have their own "Gramar school" classes and "Modern classes"
Every pupil has to choose a set of subjects to learn.
If he takes up Art he will study English Literature, Music, Art, Drama and foreign languages.
If he is good at exact and natural sciences, he will learn Science : Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, Economics
and Technical Drawing.
The British government encourages careers education in the country.
That's why secondary schools try to break down the barriers between education and business.
They set up close links with firms to allow their students to take part in business activities.
At around 16 years old teenagers take some exams and coursework to get General Certificate of Education.
Those who choose to stay on at school usually study for two
further years to pass A level (Advanced level) exams.
These exams will give them a chance to enter the
university.
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Before the beginning of the lesson, I came to the classroom and put textbooks out of the bag.
After that she sat and prepared for the lesson, and talked with her friends.
After the second call teacher began a lesson.
At the lesson of the English language we translated the texts, and learned new words.
Then we had a lesson and we went to the Russian language where the dictation was written.
Then, according to the schedule, we had the algebra on which we solved examples and equations.
In each lesson I was distracted and I was wondering what the weather was like on the street.
Finally, the lessons were over.
And I had to go to practice.
Finally, the training ended and I went home with a smile.
The quality of a country’s future life, commercially, industrially and intellectually, depends on the quality of its education system?
The quality of a country’s future life, commercially, industrially and intellectually, depends on the quality of its education system.
From the end of the World War II the state in the United Kingdom provides a full range of free educational facilities.
Those parents who prefer to send their children to private institutions, and could afford it, are free to do so.
The organization of state schooling is not as centralized as in most European countries.
Firstly, there is no prescribed curriculum.
Secondly, the types of school available and the age ranges for which they cater vary in different parts of the country.
In each area Local Education Authority is responsible for education.
At any publicly - maintained school no tuition fees are paid.
State schooling in the United Kingdom is financed partly by the Government and partly by local rates.
Schooling is voluntary under the age of five, but there is some free nursery school education before that age.
Primary education takes place in infant schools for pupils aged from five to seven and junior schools from eight to eleven .
Some areas have a different system in which middle schools replace junior schools and take pupils aged from nine to twelve.
Secondary education has been available in Britain since 1944.
It is compulsory up to the age of sixteen, and pupils can stay at school voluntarily for up to three years longer.
Until 1964 children took an “eleven plus” exam at the age of eleven.
At this exam they were selected, or “streamed” according to their current level of academic attainment, for training in different types of secondary schools.
Grammar schools provided a mainly academic course for the top 20 percent ; modern schools provided general education with a practical bias.
In 1965 non - selective comprehensive schools were introduced.
Most local education authorities have now completely changed over to comprehensive schooling.
At the age of sixteen pupils take school - leaving examinations in several subjects at the Ordinary level.
The exam was conducted by eight independent examining boards, most of them connected with the university.
This exam was called the General Certificate of Education.
Pupils of comprehensive school had taken the examination called the Certificate of Secondary Education either with or instead of the General Certificate of Education, Ordinary level.
The examination for the General Certificate of Education of Advanced (“A”) level was taken two years after the Ordinary level exam.
It was the standard for entrance to University and to many forms of professional training.
In 1988 both examinations were replaced by the more or less uniform General Certificate of Secondary Education.
The private sector is running parallel to the state system of education.
There are about 2500 fee - charging independent schools in Great Britain.
Most private schools are single - sex until the age of 16.
More and more parents seem prepared to take on the formidable extra cost for education.
The reason is the belief that social advantages are gained from attending a certain school.
The most expensive day or boarding schools in Britain are exclusive public schools like Eton college for boys or St.
James’ school for girl.
Answer the questions :
1.
What is State schooling in the United Kingdom characterized by?
2. When do they start education in Britain?
3. What are the stages of schooling in the United Kingdom?
4. Is secondary education selective or non - selective in Britain?
5. According to what principles were children streamed until 1965?
6. What are the recent government measures in the sphere of education?
7. What kind of school - leaving exams do children take at schools in Britain?
Проверьте пожалуйста ошибки, срочнооооHarrow School is one of the 9 oldest private private schools in the UK?
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Harrow School is one of the 9 oldest private private schools in the UK.
For centuries, representatives of the British aristocracy and members of royal families were trained there.
Harrow School was founded in 1572 by the order of Queen Elizabeth.
Harrow School is located in a picturesque area in north - west London, just 20 kilometers from the center.
One of the unchanging traditions of the Harrow School is the desire to expand the horizons of its students, give them knowledge beyond the school curriculum, reveal their talents and provide opportunities to develop their potential.
Each student has his tutor - a class teacher - to whom he can handle all matters relating to studies, examinations, vocational guidance and higher education.
100% of graduates of Harrow School continue their higher education after graduation.
Most of them have the opportunity to enroll in the best of the selected universities, in the most prestigious educational institutions in the world.
Write the names of the animals?
Write the names of the animals.
Clue : the animals and their names rhyme.
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In a very seperate stream of their own, often segregated from the age of five or six , are the childrer at the independent or " public" schools, which for the past three decades have been the cause of more controversy than any other British institution.
Most public schools were founded in Victorian times, partly to provide recruits for the empire and the army.
Most of the boarding schools were sit up in the railway age, far from the main centres of population , so that the boys spent eight months a year for five years in the exclusive company of other boys.
The introverted society thus created , provided an experience from which many public schools boys never recovered , and the boarding system has been blamed for most of their subseguent failings - their veneration for authority, their obsession with tradition, their frustrated sex lives.
It is changing.
Nowadays mothers are reluctant to part with their children so early and the numbers of boarding preparatory schools have decreased and many of them now take day pupils only.
All age groups , particularly girls , are moving away from boarding education.
The public schools are nowadays less obviously different from the top grammar schools in their tasks and value - system ; they are less obsessed by team - spirit and character building , and more concerned with examinations and universities.
But they still give their pupils a very special sense or their mossion and confidence.
The public schools have certainly , in the last decade, become much less isolated.
Some are even going co - educational : they allow girls into the sixth form.
Most schools have abolished fagging and flogging of younger boys by older ones.
The most assured schools are not now fussy over long hair, wild clothes or voices - many public schoolboys now deliberately react against the " public eccent" which used to be one of their chief weapons in the outside world.
The public schools have become less philistine and less classical.
Art is no longer regarded as pansy and many schools have set up expensive art centres, greatly expanded their science sides - helped by special investment funds from big companies.
Business has become respectable and some boys play the chartered accountants business games with computers against other schools .
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Очень срочно надо.
In a very seperate stream of their own, often segregated from the age of five or six , are the childrer at the independent or " public" schools, which for the past three decades have been the cause of more controversy than any other British institution.
Most public schools were founded in Victorian times, partly to provide recruits for the empire and the army.
Most of the boarding schools were sit up in the railway age, far from the main centres of population , so that the boys spent eight months a year for five years in the exclusive company of other boys.
The introverted society thus created , provided an experience from which many public schools boys never recovered , and the boarding system has been blamed for most of their subseguent failings - their veneration for authority, their obsession with tradition, their frustrated sex lives.
It is changing.
Nowadays mothers are reluctant to part with their children so early and the numbers of boarding preparatory schools have decreased and many of them now take day pupils only.
All age groups , particularly girls , are moving away from boarding education.
The public schools are nowadays less obviously different from the top grammar schools in their tasks and value - system ; they are less obsessed by team - spirit and character building , and more concerned with examinations and universities.
But they still give their pupils a very special sense or their mossion and confidence.
The public schools have certainly , in the last decade, become much less isolated.
Some are even going co - educational : they allow girls into the sixth form.
Most schools have abolished fagging and flogging of younger boys by older ones.
The most assured schools are not now fussy over long hair, wild clothes or voices - many public schoolboys now deliberately react against the " public eccent" which used to be one of their chief weapons in the outside world.
The public schools have become less philistine and less classical.
Art is no longer regarded as pansy and many schools have set up expensive art centres, greatly expanded their science sides - helped by special investment funds from big companies.
Business has become respectable and some boys play the chartered accountants business games with computers against other schools .
Переведите текст, срочно, заранее спасибоMany of the new independent universities were at first university colleges ( i?
Переведите текст, срочно, заранее спасибо
Many of the new independent universities were at first university colleges ( i.
E university institutions which could not award their own degrees) and for them the University of London became the degree - awarding body.
The London external degree is very important to students in technical colleges and some teacher - training colleges , as well as for private students working on their own, away from educational centres.
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Обучение в Шотландии.
В Шотландии обучение контролируется шотландским департаментом образования и управляется комитетами региональных властей.
В отличии от английской системы, независимая общеобразовательная школа играет всего лишь маленькую роль в Шотландском образовании.
Число детских садов хоть и увеличивается, но их все равно недостаточно ; Частные школы и игровые группы помогают заполнить эти пробелы.
Школа обязательна до 16 лет.
Учителя получают профессиональные тренинги в колледжах образования.
С 1960 года число университетов увеличилось с четырех до восьми.
В первоначальные входят : Сент Эндрюс, Стратклайда в Глазгоand Хериот - Ватт в Эдинбурге.
Ранее были технологическими колледжами, а затем стали университетами, оставляя научный и технологический упоры.
Данди был разделен с сент эндрюсом, в котором были отделы университета Данди.
Стерлинг, первый новосозданный институт был открыт в 1967 году.
Новые университеты не учат закону и религии, но большее внимание уделяют науке и технике и имеют тесную связь с основанными на науке отраслями, что есть в их окрестностях.