Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
Помогите пожалуйста с переводом) срочно)!
Principle of Operation of the Four - stoke Petrol Engine The internal combustion engine is called so because fuel is burned directly inside the engine itself.
Most automobile engines work on a 4 - stroke cycle.
A cycle is one complete sequence of 4 strokes of the piston in the cylinder.
The operating cycle of the four - stroke petrol engine includes : inlet stroke (intake valve opens), compression stroke (both valves closed), power stroke (both valves closed), exhaust stroke (exhaust valve is opened).
To describe the complete cycle, let’s assume that the piston is at the top of the stroke (top dead center) and the inlet and the exhaust valves are closed.
When the piston moves down the inlet valve opens to intake a charge of fuel into the cylinder.
This is called the inlet (intake) stroke.
On reaching the lowest position (bottom dead center) the piston begins to move upward into the closed upper part of the cylinder, the inlet valve is closed and the mixture is compressed by the rising piston.
This is called the compression stroke.
As the piston again reaches the top dead center the spark plugs ignite the mixture, both valves being closed during the combustion.
As a result of burning mixture the gases expand and great pressure makes the piston move back down the cylinder.
This stroke is called the power stroke.
When the piston reaches the bottom of its stroke, the exhaust valve is opened, pressure is released, and the piston again rises.
It lets the burnt gas flow through the exhaust valve into the atmosphere.
This is called the exhaust stoke which complete the cycle.
So the piston moves in the cylinder down (intake stroke), up (compression stroke), down (power stroke), up (exhaust) stroke.
The heat released by the fuel is transformed into work so that the reciprocating movement of the pistons is converted into rotary movement of the crankshaft by means of connecting rods.
The instructions for the Hallowe'en lantern are mixed up?
The instructions for the Hallowe'en lantern are mixed up.
Put them in the correct order.
- Cut two eyes, a nose and a mouth on one side of the pumpkin.
- Cut the top and the bottom of the pumpkin.
- Take out the pulp from inside the pumpkin.
- Put “the head“ over the candle and light the candle.
- Stand a candle in the bottom piece of the pumpkin.
Образуйте притяжательный падеж?
Образуйте притяжательный падеж.
1. the toys / the children 2.
The mother / Ann 3.
The jacket / that man 4.
The top / the page 5.
The daughter / Charles 6.
The cause / the problem 7.
The result / the football match 8.
The birthday / my father 9.
The name / this street 10.
The children / Don and Mary.
Ребят отдаю все баллы(100) Прошу помогите ответить на вопросы из текста на английском(можно без перевода) И выполнить упражнение верно или неверно, если неверно исправить правильно из текста?
Ребят отдаю все баллы(100) Прошу помогите ответить на вопросы из текста на английском(можно без перевода) И выполнить упражнение верно или неверно, если неверно исправить правильно из текста.
(можно без перевода) Очень очень прошу помогите!
)))))))) Это текст : The heart is the main organ of the cardiovascular system and is located in the left side of the mediastinum.
There are three layers in the heart : the epicardium, the myocardium and the endocardium.
The epicardium covers the outer surface of the heart.
The myocardium is the 5 middle layer and is the actual contracting muscle of the heart.
The endocardium is the innermost layer and lines the inner chambers and heart valves.
There are four chambers in the heart : the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cava.
The right ventricle receives the blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via four pulmonary veins.
The left ventricle is the largest and the most muscular chamber ; it receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the left atrium and pumps blood into the systemic circulation via the aorta.
There are four valves in the heart.
The atrioventricular valves lie between the atria and the ventricles.
The bicuspid or mitral valve is located on the left side of the heart.
The tricuspid valve is located on the right side of the heart.
The pulmonic semilunar valve lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
The aortic semilunar valve lies between the left ventricle and the aorta.
The conductive system of the heart includes the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node, the bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers.
All these structures are connected with each other consequently.
The system spreads the waves of depolarization through the atria and the ventricles.
Two main heart sounds are usually heard in the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line.
They are called the first heart sound and the second heart sound.
The first heart sound (S1) is heard as the atrioventricular valves close.
The second heart sound (S2) is heard when the semilunar valves close.
The normal heart rate is 60 to 80 beats per minute.
The normal blood pressure is 120 / 80 mm Hg.
The first figure signifies the systolic blood pressure.
The second figure signifies the diastolic blood pressure.
The 6 difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure is called pulse pressure and accounts for approximately 40 mm Hg.
Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) are regulated by the autonomic nervous system, e.
G. sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
The vascular system consists of different types of vessels, such as arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.
Arteries are vessels through which the blood passes away from the heart to various parts of the body.
They convey highly oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to the tissues.
Arterioles control the blood flow from the capillaries.
Capillaries allow the exchange of fluid and nutrients between the blood and the interstitial spaces.
Venules receive blood from the capillary bed and move blood into the veins.
Veins transport deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart and lungs for oxygenation.
Это задания : Вопросы : 1.
List the three layers of the heart.
2. What are the four chambers of the heart?
3. Name the heart valves and their locations.
4. Describe the systemic and pulmonic circulations of the heart.
5. What two parts does autonomic nervous system consist of?
6. What is the normal heart rate?
7. What are the parameters of normal systolic and diastolic BP?
8. List different types of vessels of the vascular system.
Упражнение : Task 4.
Are these statements true (T) or false (F)?
If the statement is false, correct the statement.
1. The myocardium is the actual contracting muscle of the heart.
2. The left atrium receives deoxygenated blood.
3. The right ventricle pumps the blood into the pulmonic circulation.
4. HR and BP are regulated by the autonomic nervous system.
5. Veins are the smallest vessels of the vascular system.
Помогите с переводом пожалуйста Where is the school?
Помогите с переводом пожалуйста Where is the school?
Find the way to the school and write down the directions Can you find the way to the school and the cafe?
ПОМОГИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТА?
ПОМОГИТЕ ПОЖАЛУЙСТА!
The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent.
Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean.
The area of the USA is over nine million square kilometres.
The continental part of the USA consists of two highland regions and two lowland regions.
The highland regions are the Appalachian Mountains in the east, and the Cordillera and the Rocky Mountains in the west.
The highest peak in the Appalachian Mountains is 2, 037 metres high.
The highest peak of the Cordillera in the USA is 4, 418 metres.
Between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains are the central lowlands, which are called the prairie and the eastern lowlands, called the Mississippi valley.
The five Great Lakes, between the USA and Canada, are joined together by short rivers or canals, and the Saint Lawrence River joins then to the Atlantic Ocean.
In the west of the USA there is another lake called the Great Salt Lake.
The main rivers of the USA are Mississippi, which flows into the Gulf of Mexico, the Colorado and the Columbia which flow into the Pacific Ocean, the Saint Lawrence River and the Hudson River, which flow into the Atlantic Ocean.
The USA is very large country, so it has several different climatic regions.
The coldest regions are in the north and north - east where much snow falls in winder.
The south has a subtropical climate.
Hot winds blowing from the Gulf of Mexico often bring typhoons.
The climate along the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast.
The region around the Great Lakes is known for its changeable weather.
Помогите пожалуйста перевести?
Помогите пожалуйста перевести!
Очень прошу.
Заранее огромное спасибо.
The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent.
Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean.
The area of the USA is over nine million square kilometres.
The continental part of the USA consists of two highland regions and two lowland regions.
The highland regions are the Appalachian Mountains in the east, and the Cordillera and the Rocky Mountains in the west.
The highest peak in the Appalachian Mountains is 2, 037 metres high.
The highest peak of the Cordillera in the USA is 4, 418 metres.
Between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains are the central lowlands, which are called the prairie and the eastern lowlands, called the Mississippi valley.
The five Great Lakes, between the USA and Canada, are joined together by short rivers or canals, and the Saint Lawrence River joins then to the Atlantic Ocean.
In the west of the USA there is another lake called the Great Salt Lake.
The main rivers of the USA are Mississippi, which flows into the Gulf of Mexico, the Colorado and the Columbia which flow into the Pacific Ocean, the Saint Lawrence River and the Hudson River, which flow into the Atlantic Ocean.
The USA is very large country, so it has several different climatic regions.
The coldest regions are in the north and north - east where much snow falls in winder.
The south has a subtropical climate.
Winds blowing from the of Mexico often bring typhoons.
The climate along the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast.
The region around the Great Lakes is known for its changeable weather.
Переведите текст Fuel system?
Переведите текст Fuel system.
The fuel system feeds the engine with the fuel air mixture , i .
E. the mixture of air with petrol (gasoline)or kerosine oil (vaporizing oil).
The fuel system of SI (spark ignition) gasoline engine consists of a fuel tank, a sediment bowl, a gauze filter, a fuel pump.
A carburetor with a float and f float chamber, an automatic choke (valve).
A throttle valve, a governor and manifolds.
Переведите, пожалуйста, At the practical Anatomy class we study the human body?
Переведите, пожалуйста, At the practical Anatomy class we study the human body.
The principle parts of the human body are the head, the trunk and the limbs (extremities).
We speak of the upper extremities (arms) and the lower extremities (legs).
The head consists of two parts : the skull which contains the brain, and the face which consists of the forehead, the eyes, the nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the ears and the chin.
In the mouth there are gums with teeth, the tongue and the palate.
The head is connected with the trunk by the neck.
The upper part of the trunk is the chest and the lower one is the abdomen.
The principle organs in the chest are the lungs, the heart and the gullet (esophagus).
We breathe with the lungs.
The heart contracts and makes 60 - 80 beats per minute.
The principle organs in the abdominal cavity are the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the intestine, the kidneys, the gall - bladder and the bladder.
The framework of the bones is called the skeleton ; it supports the soft parts and protects the organs form injury.
The bones are covered with muscles.
The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder.
Each arm consists of the upper arm, forearm, elbow, wrist and hand.
We have four fingers and a thumb on each hand.
The lower extremity (the leg) consists.
ПОМОГИТЕ НАЙТИ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ В СТРАДАТЕЛЬНОМ ЗАЛОГЕ Water in fuel oil?
ПОМОГИТЕ НАЙТИ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ В СТРАДАТЕЛЬНОМ ЗАЛОГЕ Water in fuel oil.
Water may get into the fuel oil by leakage through defective welding of tanks, through alternate use of tanks for fuel oil and water ballast, or the fuel oil as delivered into tanks may contain considerable moisture that will settle out.
The troubles then are cracked heads and pistons, burned out exhaust valves, injection valves, high - pressure fuel pumps.
Improperly refined oil.
Fuel oil must, during the refining process, be treated with sulphuric acid and this acid must later be neutralized with soda.
When the engine is opened up after running on the insufficiently washed oil, the entire surface of the combustion spaces in the cylinders has a coating of gritty material which is mostly sodium sulphate.
It causes considerable wear of piston rings and cylinder liners.
Cracked cylinders and cylinder heads.
Cracks may result from unequal heating due to poor design, bad castings, air pockets in jackets, lack of cooling water and overloading.
Cracking from the first two causes seldom occurs.
Troubles arising from air pockets are eliminated by periodical opening of the vent cocks on the cylinder heads.
When for any reason the cooling water supply to part or all of the cylinders fails, the engine should not be kept in operation long while the trouble is being corrected.
Cracks that are due to overloading usually result from local overloading, caused by trouble with the fuel pumps or some other conditions that cause one or more cylinders to quit firing.
Помогите с переводом пожалуйста The main parts ofthe human body are the head, the trunk, the upper and the lower extremities or limbs?
Помогите с переводом пожалуйста The main parts ofthe human body are the head, the trunk, the upper and the lower extremities or limbs.
The head is connected with the trunk with the neck.
The head is formed by the back part, the crown and the face.
The upper part of the face is formed by the forehead and the temples.
Below there are the eyes, the nose, the cheeks, the mouth and the chin.
On both sides of the head there are the ears.
The eye is composed of the eyeball and the pupil.
The eyebrows, lashes and the lids protect theeyes.
The oral cavity contains the teeth which are set in the gums, the tongue, the hard and the soft palate, the tonsils and the throat.
The margins of the mouth are the lips.
The jaws form the framework of the mouth.
[ рис 3 ] The organs of senses are the eyes, the ears, the nose, the skin and the tongue.
We see with our eyes.
We hear with our ears.
We smell with our nose.
We taste with our tongue.
We touch with our skin.
The parts of the trunk are the breast, the waist, the abdomen, the back, the buttocks and the genitals.
In the thoracic cavity there are the respiratory, the circulatory and the digestive organs.
The main organs ofrespiration are the nasal cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, the trachea, the bronchi, the lungs and the diaphragm.
We breath with our lungs.
The circulatory system comprises the heart and the blood vessels - the arteries, the veins and the capillaries.
The heart pumps blood to various parts of the body.
The organs of digestion are contained in the oral cavity, in the thoracic cavity and in the abdominal cavity.
Digestion begins in the mouth.
From the mouth food passes in to the esophagus which is in the thoracic cavity.
Through the esophagus food passes into the stomach and the intestines where it is further digested.
The liver, spleen and the gallbladder also take part in the process of digestion.
The main excretory organs are the kidneys, the ureters, the urethra and the urinary bladder.
The organs of excretion excrete waste products.
The body is coveredwith the skin.
The back and the top of the head are covered with hair.
At the finger - tips there are the nails.
The nervous systemconsists of nerves, the brain and the medulla.
The osseous system consists of bones which support the body.
Their places of articulation are called the joints.
The muscular system consists of muscles which contract and move the limbs.
The main bones which form the skeleton are the skull, the vertebral column which consists of vertebrae, the ribs, the scapulae, the clavicles and the sternum which form the thoracic cavity, and the pelvic bones.
The humerus, the ulna, the radius are the bones which form the upper limbs.
The femur, the tibia and the fibula are bones which form the lower extremities.
The main glands ofthe human body are the secretory glands, such as the thyroid, the pancreas, the suprarenal and the salivary glands.
The excretory glands are the sweat glands, the adipose glands and the lacrimal glands.
The arm is formed by the shoulder, the upper arm, the elbow and the forearm.
The hand consists of the wrist, the palm, the fingers and the thumb.
The leg is formed by the hip, the thigh, the knee, the shank, the calf, the ankle.
The foot consists of the heel, the sole and the toes.
The substance which forms the human body consists of cells, fibers and tissues.
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Принцип работы четырёхтактного бензинового двигателя.
Двигатель внутреннего сгорания получил своё название по причине того, что топливо сжигается непосредственно в самом двигателе.
Большинство автомобильных двигателей работают на четырёхтактном цикле.
Цикл - - это замкнутая последовательность четырёх тактов поршня в цилиндре.
Рабочий цикл четырёхтактного бензинового двигателя включает в себя : такт впуска (впускные клапаны открыты), такт сжатия (оба клапана закрыты), рабочий такт (оба клапана закрыты), такт выхлопа (выпускной клапан открыт).
Чтобы описать полный цикл, давайте предположим, что поршень находится в верхней точке такта (верхняя мёртвая точка), а впускной и выпускной клапаны закрыты.
Когда поршень совершает движение вниз, впускной клапан открывается для того, чтобы набрать определённое количество топлива в цилиндр.
Это и называется тактом впуска.
Достигнув самой нижней позиции (нижняя мёртвая точка), поршень двигается вверх до самой верхней части цилиндра, впускной клапан закрыт, а смесь сжимается движимым вверх поршнем.
Это называется тактом сжатия.
Когда поршень снова достигает верхней мёртвой точки, свечи зажигания поджигают смесь, оба клапана во время горения закрыты.
Как результат, горящая смесь газов расширяется и большое давление заставляет поршень двигаться ко дну цилиндра.
Это называется рабочим тактом.
Когда поршень достигает дна такта, выпускной клапан открывается, давление снижается, а поршень снова идёт вверх.
Это позволяет горящему газу выйти через выпускной клапан в атмосферу.
Это называется тактом выхлопа, он же завершает цикл.
Так поршень в цилиндре движется вниз (такт впуска), вверх(такт сжатия), вниз(рабочий такт), вверх(такт выхлопа).
Тепло, вырабатываемое топливом, превращается в работу так, что возвратно - поступательное движение поршня переходит в ротационное движение коленчатого вала посредством шатунов.