Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
Помогите, пожалуйста.
Прочитайте и письменно переведите.
Corporation 1.
A corporation is a business organization authorized by the state to conduct business and is a separate legal entity from its owners.
It is the dominant form of American business because it makes it possible to gather large amounts of capital together.
2. Before a corporation may do business, it must apply for and receive a charter from the state.
The state must approve the articles of incorporation, which describe the basic purpose and structure of the proposed corporation.
3. The stockholders usually meet once a year to elect directors and to carry on other important business.
Each share of stock entitles its owner to one vote.
A stockholder who cannot attend the meeting can legally authorize to vote his or her shares by proxy.
4. Management of a corporation consists of the board of directors who decide corporate policy, and the officers, who carry on the daily operations.
The board is elected by the stockholders, and the officers are appointed by the board.
5. Some specific duties of the board of directors are to declare dividends, authorize contracts, decide on executive salaries, and arrange major loans with banks.
Management`s main means of reporting the corporations financial position and results of operations is its annual report.
6. The corporation form of business has several advantages over the sole proprietorship and partnership.
It is a separate legal entity and offers limited liability to the owners, ease of capital generation and ease of transfer of ownership.
In addition, it allows centralized authority, responsibility and professional management.
7. The corporation form of business also has several disadvantages.
It is subject to greater government regulation and double taxation.
In addition, separation of ownership and control may allow management to make harmful decisions.
А) Ответьте на вопросы : 1.
Why is corporation the dominant form of American business?
2. How often do the stockholders usually meet?
3. What does management of a corporation consist of?
4. What can a stockholder do if he cannot attend the meeting?
5. What advantages has the corporate form of business?
Б) Найдите в тексте термин stock и уточните его значение в данном тексте.
В) Вместо пропуска вставьте подходящее слово : 1.
A corporation is the dominant form of American … 2.
Management of a corporation consist of the … 3.
The board of directors is elected by the … 4.
The corporation form of business has several … over the sole proprietorship.
5. The corporate form of business also has several ….
Г) Найдите в тексте производные от следующих слов : to elect, to own, to manage, to add.
Ответить письменно на следующие вопросы :What is auditing?
Ответить письменно на следующие вопросы :
What is auditing?
What is internal auditing performed by?
Who wants assurance in the reliability of the accounting reports?
Because accounting affects people in many different fields, public accounting and private accounting include specialized services.
Auditing is the accounting profession's most significant service to the public.
An audit is the independent examination that assures the reliability of the accounting reports that management prepares and submits to investors, creditors, and others outside the business.
In carrying out an audit, CPAs (Certified Public Accountants) from outside a business examine the businesses financial statements.
If the CPAs believe that these documents are a fair presentation of me business's operations, , the CPAs give a professional opinion stating that the firm's financial statements are in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, which is the standard.
Why is the audit so important?
Creditors considering loans want assurance that the facts and figures the business submits are reliable.
Stockholders, who have invested in the business, need to know that the financial picture management shows them is complete.
Government agencies need accurate information from business.
Internal auditing is performed by a businesses own accountants.
Many large organizations maintain a staff of internal auditors.
These accountants evaluate the firm's own accounting and management systems.
Their aim is to improve operating efficiency and to ensure mat employees and departments follow management's procedures and plans.
I. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова : possessions, adjustment, proprietor, failure, headings, enterprise, efficiency, ownership, conditions, flexible, failure, liability, debts, decisions?
I. Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова : possessions, adjustment, proprietor, failure, headings, enterprise, efficiency, ownership, conditions, flexible, failure, liability, debts, decisions, responsible The different types of business organisation may be classified under three.
This is the simplest and the oldest form of business.
A single person is solely.
For the success or.
Of the business.
His .
Is unlimited… .
. and control are vested in one person.
This type of organisation is extremely .
And capable of quick.
To changes in market.
. The owner is personally liable for the.
Incurred by his firm.
All his .
Are at risk.
A single person provides the capital, takes the.
, and assumes the risks.
What have the children from the Weller family done?
What have the children from the Weller family done?
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs from the box and the words in brackets.
".
Текст 2?
Текст 2.
1. A business corporation is an institution established for the purpose of making profit.
It is operated by individuals.
Their shares of ownership are represented by stock certificates.
A person who owns a stock certificate is called a stock - holder.
2. There are several advantages of the corporate form of ownership.
The first is the ability to attract financial resources.
The next advantage is that the corporation attracts a large amount of capital it can invest in plants, equipment and research.
And the third advantage is that a corporation offers salaries and thus attractstalented managers and specialists.
3. The privately owned business corporation is one type of corporation.
There are some other types too.
Educational, religious, charitable institutions can - also incorporate.
Usually such corporation does not issue stocks and is nonprofit.
If there is a profit it is reinvested in the institution rather than distributed to private stockholders.
4. In some western countries, cities and states federal government and special agencies are establishing governmental corporations now.
A few examples of these governmental corporations are state universities, state hospitals and city owned utilities.
Governmental corporations are non - profit as a rule and usually they do not issue stock certificates.
Задание : Найдите в тексте предложения, в которых употребляется глагол todo.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение данного глагола.
СРОЧНО Текст 2?
СРОЧНО Текст 2.
1. A business corporation is an institution established for the purpose of making profit.
It is operated by individuals.
Their shares of ownership are represented by stock certificates.
A person who owns a stock certificate is called a stock - holder.
2. There are several advantages of the corporate form of ownership.
The first is the ability to attract financial resources.
The next advantage is that the corporation attracts a large amount of capital it can invest in plants, equipment and research.
And the third advantage is that a corporation offers salaries and thus attractstalented managers and specialists.
3. The privately owned business corporation is one type of corporation.
There are some other types too.
Educational, religious, charitable institutions can - also incorporate.
Usually such corporation does not issue stocks and is nonprofit.
If there is a profit it is reinvested in the institution rather than distributed to private stockholders.
4. In some western countries, cities and states federal government and special agencies are establishing governmental corporations now.
A few examples of these governmental corporations are state universities, state hospitals and city owned utilities.
Governmental corporations are non - profit as a rule and usually they do not issue stock certificates.
Задание ; Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих русских словосочетаний : 1) выпускать акции ; 2) привлекать финансовые ресурсы ; 3) привлекать большой капитал ; 4) акционер, держатель акций ; 5) повторно инвестировать ; 6) предлагать высокие оклады ; 7) неприбыльный.
Упр. 1?
Упр. 1.
Проанализируйте подлежащее и скажите, в каких предложениях оно простое, а в каких распространённое.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I was born in 1970 in Moscow in the family of an employee.
2. People do different types of business for a profit.
3. A limited liability company or a corporation is headed by the board of directors.
4. They are responsible for the management of a company`s affairs.
5. The company secretary may also deal with enquiries for information concerning other firms.
6. The information given by the candidate will be helpful in assessing (оценка) the candidate`s suitability for the post.
7. An inflationary development is characterized by rising prices within a certain period of time.
8. He or she may be one of the directors of the company.
9. Financial planning begins with the establishment of goals and objectives.
10. A manager must be professionally well educated and be competent in the field of psychology, sociology, management, economics and modern type of business running (управление) policy.
Помогите, пожалуйста?
Помогите, пожалуйста.
Прочитайте и письменно переведите.
Corporation 1.
A corporation is a business organization authorized by the state to conduct business and is a separate legal entity from its owners.
It is the dominant form of American business because it makes it possible to gather large amounts of capital together.
2. Before a corporation may do business, it must apply for and receive a charter from the state.
The state must approve the articles of incorporation, which describe the basic purpose and structure of the proposed corporation.
3. The stockholders usually meet once a year to elect directors and to carry on other important business.
Each share of stock entitles its owner to one vote.
A stockholder who cannot attend the meeting can legally authorize to vote his or her shares by proxy.
4. Management of a corporation consists of the board of directors who decide corporate policy, and the officers, who carry on the daily operations.
The board is elected by the stockholders, and the officers are appointed by the board.
5. Some specific duties of the board of directors are to declare dividends, authorize contracts, decide on executive salaries, and arrange major loans with banks.
Management`s main means of reporting the corporations financial position and results of operations is its annual report.
6. The corporation form of business has several advantages over the sole proprietorship and partnership.
It is a separate legal entity and offers limited liability to the owners, ease of capital generation and ease of transfer of ownership.
In addition, it allows centralized authority, responsibility and professional management.
7. The corporation form of business also has several disadvantages.
It is subject to greater government regulation and double taxation.
In addition, separation of ownership and control may allow management to make harmful decisions.
А) Ответьте на вопросы : 1.
Why is corporation the dominant form of American business?
2. How often do the stockholders usually meet?
3. What does management of a corporation consist of?
4. What can a stockholder do if he cannot attend the meeting?
5. What advantages has the corporate form of business?
Б) Найдите в тексте термин stock и уточните его значение в данном тексте.
В) Вместо пропуска вставьте подходящее слово : 1.
A corporation is the dominant form of American … 2.
Management of a corporation consist of the … 3.
The board of directors is elected by the … 4.
The corporation form of business has several … over the sole proprietorship.
5. The corporate form of business also has several ….
Г) Найдите в тексте производные от следующих слов : to elect, to own, to manage, to add.
The Rule of Law The concept of the rule of law is the cornerstone of any democratic society and government?
The Rule of Law The concept of the rule of law is the cornerstone of any democratic society and government.
It is the law which is used to decide disputes.
The law is one of the means for controlling the conduct of businesses.
The basic role of law in business decisions is apparent.
It contains business in its decisions and its selection of alternative courses of action.
Certain conduct is illegal, and if individuals or businesses didn’t follow the rule of law and their conduct were declared a crime, they would be subject to sanctions, e.
G. , fines or imprisonment.
The sanctions will include liability for damages, if the conduct is tortuous (involving a wrongful act) or a breach of law.
Besides, the law and legal sanctions may be used to prevent certain conduct or to require that certain things be done.
If business decisions are not made within the law, sanctions will be imposed.
The law is the foundation for the regulation of all business conduct and decisions.
Перевод текста.
Read the letter , put the in the correct form and write the sentences ?
Read the letter , put the in the correct form and write the sentences .
Use the words below.
Помогите с переводом пожалуйста The main parts ofthe human body are the head, the trunk, the upper and the lower extremities or limbs?
Помогите с переводом пожалуйста The main parts ofthe human body are the head, the trunk, the upper and the lower extremities or limbs.
The head is connected with the trunk with the neck.
The head is formed by the back part, the crown and the face.
The upper part of the face is formed by the forehead and the temples.
Below there are the eyes, the nose, the cheeks, the mouth and the chin.
On both sides of the head there are the ears.
The eye is composed of the eyeball and the pupil.
The eyebrows, lashes and the lids protect theeyes.
The oral cavity contains the teeth which are set in the gums, the tongue, the hard and the soft palate, the tonsils and the throat.
The margins of the mouth are the lips.
The jaws form the framework of the mouth.
[ рис 3 ] The organs of senses are the eyes, the ears, the nose, the skin and the tongue.
We see with our eyes.
We hear with our ears.
We smell with our nose.
We taste with our tongue.
We touch with our skin.
The parts of the trunk are the breast, the waist, the abdomen, the back, the buttocks and the genitals.
In the thoracic cavity there are the respiratory, the circulatory and the digestive organs.
The main organs ofrespiration are the nasal cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, the trachea, the bronchi, the lungs and the diaphragm.
We breath with our lungs.
The circulatory system comprises the heart and the blood vessels - the arteries, the veins and the capillaries.
The heart pumps blood to various parts of the body.
The organs of digestion are contained in the oral cavity, in the thoracic cavity and in the abdominal cavity.
Digestion begins in the mouth.
From the mouth food passes in to the esophagus which is in the thoracic cavity.
Through the esophagus food passes into the stomach and the intestines where it is further digested.
The liver, spleen and the gallbladder also take part in the process of digestion.
The main excretory organs are the kidneys, the ureters, the urethra and the urinary bladder.
The organs of excretion excrete waste products.
The body is coveredwith the skin.
The back and the top of the head are covered with hair.
At the finger - tips there are the nails.
The nervous systemconsists of nerves, the brain and the medulla.
The osseous system consists of bones which support the body.
Their places of articulation are called the joints.
The muscular system consists of muscles which contract and move the limbs.
The main bones which form the skeleton are the skull, the vertebral column which consists of vertebrae, the ribs, the scapulae, the clavicles and the sternum which form the thoracic cavity, and the pelvic bones.
The humerus, the ulna, the radius are the bones which form the upper limbs.
The femur, the tibia and the fibula are bones which form the lower extremities.
The main glands ofthe human body are the secretory glands, such as the thyroid, the pancreas, the suprarenal and the salivary glands.
The excretory glands are the sweat glands, the adipose glands and the lacrimal glands.
The arm is formed by the shoulder, the upper arm, the elbow and the forearm.
The hand consists of the wrist, the palm, the fingers and the thumb.
The leg is formed by the hip, the thigh, the knee, the shank, the calf, the ankle.
The foot consists of the heel, the sole and the toes.
The substance which forms the human body consists of cells, fibers and tissues.
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1"Корпорация - это бизнес - организация, уполномоченная государством для ведения бизнеса
и является отдельным юридическим лицом от его владельцев.
Это доминирующая форма.
Американских.
3Акционеры обычно встречаемся раз в год, для избрания директоров и выполнять другие
важный бизнес.
Каждая акция дает ее владельцу один голос.
Акционером
кто не может присутствовать на заседании могут легально разрешают голосовать его или ее акций по доверенности.
Бизнес, поскольку он позволяет собирать большие капиталы вместе.
2Прежде чем корпорация может заниматься бизнесом, она должна подать заявку и получить хартию от
государство.
Государство должно Утвердить учредительные документы, которые описывают основные
цели и структура предлагаемого корпорацией.
4Управлении акционерным обществом состоит из Совета директоров, которые решают корпоративные
политики и офицеры, которые несут на ежедневные операции.
Правление избирается
акционеров, и офицеры назначаются советом.