Английский язык | студенческий
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England under Foreign Kings The invaders, known as Vikings, or Danes returned again and again to attack England.
At first they didn't settle, and the English had to pay tribute.
In the ninth century they conquered and settled in the extreme north and west of Scotland and also some coastal regions of Ireland.
They held the English crown for twenty - four years.
Three Danish kings, one after the other, ruled over England ; one of them, Canute, was at the same time king of England, Denmark, Norway and Sweden.
The rule of Danish kings over England came to an end soon after Canute's death in 1035.
Now the Normans began to attack the coasts of England from Normandy (France).
In 1066 an invading army of the Normans won the victory at the battle of Hastings ; as a result of this single battle William, Duke of Normandy, was crowned king of England and became known in the popular history as William the Conqueror.
Unlike the Germanic invasions, the Norman invasion was small - scale.
The Normans didn't settle in special areas of settlement.
They were given ownership of land and of the people living on it.
The feudal system was introduced, where the lords and the barons were Normans, and the peasants were Saxons.
The invaders spoke French, and it was the language of the upper classes and the government ; English was the language of the lower classes.
Срочно перевод текста The land and people of great britain прооошшшууууThe UnitedKingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) occupiesmost of the territory of the British Isles?
Срочно перевод текста The land and people of great britain прооошшшуууу
The United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) occupies
most of the territory of the British Isles.
It consists of four
main parts : England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
London is the capital of England, Edinburgh is the capital of
Scotland, Cardiff— of Wales and Belfast — of Northern Ireland.
The UK is a small country with an area of some 244, 100 square
kilometres.
It occupies only 0.
2 per cent of the world's land
surface.
It is washed by the Atlantic
Ocean in the north - west, north and south - west and separated from
Europe by the North Sea in the east and by the English Channel
in the south.
The Strait of Dover or Pas de Calais is the
narrowest part of the Channel.
The North Sea and the English
Channel are often called "the narrow seas" ; they are not deep
but are frequently rough.
In the west the
Irish Sea and the North Channel separate the UK from Ireland.
The seas around Britain provide exceptionally good fishing
grounds.
The country has many bays favourable for shipping.
In
their shelter are Britain's main ports such as London,
Liverpool, Glasgow, Hull and others.
One will not find
very high mountains or large plains in Great Britain.
Everything
occupies very little place.
Nature, it seems, has carefully
adapted things to the size of the island itself.
The highest
mountain is Ben Nevis in Scotland, 4, 406 feet high.
The longest
river is the Severn in England.
The population of
the United Kingdom is over 57 million people.
Foreigners often
call British people "English", but the Scots, the Irish and the
Welsh do not consider themselves to be English.
The English are
Anglo - Saxon in origin, but the Welsh, the Scots and the Irish
are Celts, descendants of the ancient people, who crossed over
from Europe centuries before the Norman Invasion.
It was this
people, whom the Germanic Angles and Saxons conquered in the 5th
and 6th centuries AD.
These Germanic conquerors gave England its
name — "Angle" land.
They were
conquered in their turn by the Norman French, when William the
Conqueror of Normandy landed near Hastings in 1066.
It was from
the union of Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo - Saxons
that the English people and the English language were born.
The official
language of the United Kingdom is English.
But in western
Scotland some people still speak Gaelic and in northern and
central parts of Wales people often speak Welsh.
The UK is a
highly developed industrial country.
It is known as one of the
worlds largest producers and exporters of machinery,
electronics» textile» aircraft, and navigation equipment.
One of
the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding.
The UK is a
constitutional monarchy.
In law, Head of the State is Queen.
In
practice, the country is ruled by the elected government with
the Prime Minister at the head.
The British Parliament consists
of two chambers : the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
There are three
main political parties in Great Britain : the Labour, the
Conservative and the Liberal parties.
The flag of the
United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of three
crosses.
The big red cross is the cross of Saint George, the
patron saint of England.
The white cross is the cross of Saint
Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland.
The red diagonal cross is the cross of Saint Patrick, the patron
saint of Ireland.
How did life in England change after 1066?
How did life in England change after 1066?
Mark these statements True or False.
Support your answers with some facts from the story.
1. French words came to the English language.
2. The English kept their lands.
3. The Norman barons had most of the land in the country.
4. There was a Norman king in England.
5. The English and the Normans were friends.
6. There were not many English who fought against the Normans but thev all hated the invaders.
7. Thirty years after the battle of Hastings nearly all rich landowners were Normans.
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Нужен хороший и грамотный перевод, промт мимо.
The Norman Conquest
William the Conqueror's coronation did not go as planned.
When the people shouted
"God Save the King" the nervous Norman guards at Westminster Abbey thought they were
going to attack William.
In their fear they set fire to nearby houses and the coronation
ceremony ended in disorder.
Although William was now crowned king.
His conquest had only just begun, and the
fighting lasted for another five years.
There was an Anglo - Saxon rebellion against the
Normans every year until 1070.
The small Norman army marched from village to village, destroying places it could not
control, and building forts to guard others.
It was a true army of occupation for at least twenty years.
The north was particularly hard to control, and the Norman army had no mercy.
When the Saxons fought back, the Normans burnt, destroyed and killed.
Between
Durham and York not a single house was left standing, and it took a century for the north to
recover.
Few Saxon lords kept their lands and those who did were the very small number who
had accepted William immediately.
All the others lost everything.
By 1086, twenty years after the arrival of the Normans, only two of the greater landlords
and only two bishops were Saxon.
William gave the Saxon lands to his Norman nobles.
After each English rebellion there was more land to give away.
His army included Norman and other French land seekers.
Over 4.
000 Saxon landlords
were replaced by 200 Norman ones.
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:
THE HORMAN INVASION OF BRITAIN The last time that England was successfully invaded was in 1066.
This is the most famous date in English history.
William , the Duke of Normandy, began to gather an army to invade Britain.
His aim was to get to the English throne.
William promised land to all who would support him, and there were many fighting men who were ready to join William's army.
William gathered a big army consisting not only of the Normans but of the knights from other parts of France .
In October 1066 William crossed the Channel and landed in the south of England .
The battle between the Normans and the Anglo - Saxons took place at a small village near the town of Hastings.
The Norman army was larger in number and much better trained.
Their military tactics were unknown in England.
The Anglo - Saxon army lead by Harold was small and poorly armed.
Besides, King Harold's power over the Anglo - Saxons was weak.
The battle was close and extremely bloody, it went on all day.
At the end of it most of the best warriors in England were dead, including King Harold.
As a result of a single battle, the Norman leader, Duke William of Normandy, became king of the whole of England.
He is known as ''William the Conqueror.
'' He ruled England for 21 years.
The H orman Conquest brought about very important changes in the life of the Anglo - Saxons.
William declared that all the lands in England belonged to him.
Uuder William many castles were built in different parts of the country, they were all royal castles.
But the new masters of the country were strangers.
They had different manners, customs and laws.
They spoke a different language which common people didn't understand.
There were two different languages spoken in the country at the same time, the official language was Norman - French.
It was the language of the ruling class.
Common people spoke English.
As time went by, the Hormans mixed with the Anglo - Saxons, and the two languages gradually formed one English language.
Заранее СПАСИБО!
)))))).
#13. Find the answerd to the following questions in the text and read them aloud?
#13. Find the answerd to the following questions in the text and read them aloud.
1. When did England become a great country?
2. Where did William the Conqueror come from?
3. Where did William the Conqueror live when he was King?
4. What is the White Tower?
5. Where and when did the Great Fire of London start?
Teкст : I At the beginning of the 11th century England was already a great country and London was a very importent city.
In 1066, William the Conqueror (Conqueror - завоеватель ; William the Conqueror - Вильгем Завоеватель) and his people come to England from France.
А дальше, я сфоткала.
(Первая фотка продолжение) Если что не ясно, то пишите внизу.
Зарание спасибки!
Look at the map of england and wales and say what cities are situated in the north in the south in the east and in the west of the country?
Look at the map of england and wales and say what cities are situated in the north in the south in the east and in the west of the country?
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The Wild West
At the beginning of the 17th century the first colonies appeared in America.
Many of them were English colonies, for example, New England.
But there were also Spanish and German colonies there.
African negroes arrived as slaves in 1619 and began working on plantations situated in the South.
They grew rice and tobacco.
There were 13 colonies in America in 1733.
The English King, who lived far away in England was the King of New England and other colonies.
The colonists in America didn't like that.
They didn't want to depend on the English King or on England.
The Americans began to fight for their independence and got it.
George Washington became the first president of the United States.
In the 18th century some Americans went to the west to look for new lands and the story of «Wild West» began.
In the 19th century people went west to look for gold.
They built new settlements and new towns in these lands.
Life in the Wild West was full of danger.
The Native Americans in the west didnt like white people who took their land.
Sometimes they attacked them.
There were bears and other wild animals and people had to have guns.
Today many Americans still keep a gun in their houses.
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When the Normans conquered England in 1066, they imposed the Carolingian judicial system on the Anglo - Saxons.
In the long struggle between king and landed nobility that ensued, one of the principal weapons of the Crown was the Curia Regis (king’s court), which was held wherever the royal household was situated.
The principal judicial strongholds of the nobility were the manorial courts, chiefly the courts baron and courts leet.
Judicial supremacy eventually was won by the Crown, and, since the reign of King Edward I, in the 13th century, English courts have been organized on a centralized basis.
How did life in England change after 1066?
How did life in England change after 1066?
Mark these statements True or False.
Support your answers with some facts from the story.
1. French words came to the English language.
2. The English kept their lands.
3. The Norman barons had most of the land in the country.
4. There was a Norman king in England.
5. The English and the Normans were friends.
6. There were not many English who fought against the Normans but thev all hated the invaders.
7. Thirty years after the battle of Hastings nearly all rich landowners were Normans.
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The Romans invaded Britain in AD 43 and, chasing ancient Britons along the Thames, they came to the first place where it was easy to cross.
They built a garrison there – and London was born.
They also erected a bridge over the river.
The Garrison became a major trading post.
Later, the bridge suffered neglect and the whole area was raided by the Vikings.
In AD 886 Alfred the Great drove out the raiders, the bridge was repaired and the city prospered again.
A hundred years later, the Vikings returned but King Ethelred sailed up the Thames, attached ropes to London Bridge, headed downriver and pulled it down.
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Англия при Иностранных Королях захватчики, известные как Викинги или датчане, возвратилась снова и снова, чтобы напасть на Англию.
Сначала они не обосновывались, и англичане должны были отдать дань.
В девятом веке они завоевали и поселились в Крайнем Севере и к западу от Шотландии и также некоторых прибрежных районов Ирландии.
Они держали английскую корону в течение двадцати четырех лет.
Три датских короля, один за другим, управляли по Англии ; один из них, Кэньюта, был в то же время королем Англии, Дании, Норвегии и Швеции.
Правление датских королей по Англии закончилось вскоре после смерти Кэньюта в 1035.
Теперь нормандцы начали нападать на побережья Англии из Нормандии (Франция).
В 1066 вторгающаяся армия нормандцев одержала победу при битве при Гастингсе ; в результате этого единственного сражения Уильям, Герцог Нормандии, был коронованным королем Англии и стал известным в популярной истории как Вильгельм Завоеватель.
В отличие от германских вторжений, нормандское вторжение было небольшим.
Нормандцы не поселились в специальных областях урегулирования.
Им дали собственность земли и людей, живущих на нем.
Феодальная система была введена, где лорды и бароны были нормандцами, и крестьяне были Саксами.
Захватчики говорили на французском языке, и это был язык высших сословий и правительства ; английский язык был языком низших классов.