Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
TEXT 8.
THE LAW AND THE FAMILY
Here, we will look at how the law sees the family a special institution ; how some legal systems treat married couples and their children differently from the unmarried ; the process of divorce ; custody of and responsibility for children ; and protection from violence in the home.
Finally, we will consider the rights of succession to the property of a family member when they die.
Beyond the mere function of providing a new generation of children, the family is often promoted for its moral contribution to society.
Despite a growing labor shortage, the Japanese government has passed very little legislation challenging the assumption that mothers should stay at home rather than go out to work.
In Ireland, which is strongly influenced by the doctrines of the Catholic Church, divorce remains illegal.
In some societies the family is thought to be so important that there is very little legal intervention in family life.
In many Islamic countries, for example, fathers, brothers and sons are allowed considerable authority over the females in their family.
As late as the 1970s, the male head of the household in Switzerland was deemed to represent the interests of everyone within that household, and, consequently, none of the women could vote in national elections.
But in many parts of the world, the law now promotes the rights of individuals within the family unit, and regulates family relations through legislation.
Raised from the taxes of the working population as a whole, child benefit is paid directly to the mother, and retirement pensions are paid to grandparents, so that they are less dependent upon financial support from a family member.
In Sweden, parents can be prosecuted for physically punishing their children and children have a limited capacity to divorce their parents.
In Britain, as in many countries, there are special family courts with very strong powers to control and transfer private property in the interests of children.
Much of the work of other courts is also directly relevant to family life.
Нужен точный перевод этого текста.
There are seven brothers in the family ?
There are seven brothers in the family .
Each brother has one sister how many children are there in the family?
ПОМОГИТЕ СРОЧНО ПЕРЕВЕСТИ ТЕКСТ?
ПОМОГИТЕ СРОЧНО ПЕРЕВЕСТИ ТЕКСТ!
The English are a nation of stay - at - home.
"There is no place like home, " they say.
And when the man is not working he is at home in the company of his wife and children and busies himself with the affairs of the home.
"The Englishman's home is his castle, " is a saying known all over the world.
And it is true.
A "typical" British family used to consist of mother, father and two children, but in recent years there have been many changes in family life.
Some of these have been caused by new laws and others are the result of changes in society.
For example, since the law made it easier to get a divorce, the number of divorces has increased.
In fact one marriage in every three now ends in divorce.
This means that there are a lot of one - parent families.
Society is now more tolerant than it used to be of unmarried people, unmarried couples and single parents.
Another change has been caused by the fact that people are living longer nowadays, and many old people live alone following the death of their partners.
As a result of these changes in the pattern of people's lives, there are many households which consist of only one person or one person and children.
You might think that marriage and the family are not so popular as they once were.
However, the majority of divorced people marry again, and they sometimes take responsibility for a second family.
Members of a family - grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins - keep in touch, but they see less of each other than they used to.
This is because people often move away from their home town to work, and so the family becomes scattered.
Christmas is the traditional season for reunions.
Although the family group is smaller nowadays than it used to be, relatives often travel many miles in order to spend the holiday together.
In general, each generation is keen to become independent of parents in establishing its own family unit, and this fact can lead to social as well as geographical differences within the larger family group.
Relationships within the family are different now.
Parents treat their children more as equals than they used to, and children have more freedom to make their own decisions.
The father is more involved with bringing up children, often because the mother goes out to work.
Increased leisure facilities5 and more money mean that there are greater opportunities outside the home.
Although the family holiday is still an important part of family life (usually taken in August, and often abroad) many children have holidays away from their parents, often with a school party or other organized group.
Who looks after the older generation?
There are about 10 million old - age pensioners in Britain, of whom about 750, 000 cannot live entirely independently.
The government gives financial help in the form of a pension but in the future it will be more and more difficult for the nation economy to support the increasing number of elderly.
At the present time, more than half of all old people are looked after at home.
Many others live in Old Peoples' Homes, which may be private or state owned.
Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb?
Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
There ___________(to be) many tales and fairy tales about family life.
The Russian tale The Turnip ______________(to be) about friendship in the family.
Everybody _______________(to know) it : the young and the old.
This tale____________ (to publish) in the Russian magazine 150 years ago.
Many years ago Russian people ______________(to grow) and ______________(to eat) much turnip because they _____ (not to have) potato.
If the turnip harvest ______________(to be) good the family __________________(not to be) hungry in winter.
All members of the family _______________(to work) hard.
The cat in the story_______________________ (to keep) harmony in the house, the dog___________________(to take) care of the house, the mouse ______________(to show) that the family is rich.
Write the sentences in the negative using the words in brackets?
Write the sentences in the negative using the words in brackets.
Sandra and Mary are speaking to each other now.
(to cook a meal for the family).
Помогите пожалуйстаIn the Far?
Помогите пожалуйста
In the Far.
Middle and Near East and in parts of Africa, South America and Europe, the first thing most Western people notice is the respect everyone has for the old.
Older men and women live with their married children and are important members of the family.
They look after the children, help with the cooking, give advice and often rule family life.
Living in an extended family has advantages for everyone.
A small child, for example, knows many people from the very beginning, not just his mother and father.
When his mother goes out, it doesn't matter.
He'll stay with someone who loves him — an aunt or the sister or the grandmother.
For a young mother and father there are also advantages.
They can go out to work and grandmother will look after the house and the children.
This is, especially important in farming communities, where both men and women work in the fields.
And the older woman, for example, has something important to do.
She sees her children and grandchildren grow up.
She is needed and loved.
The nuclear family is the product of the West.
The typical family consists of mother, father and two children.
If the mother goes out to work, she must leave them with a stranger — someone who looks after them as a job, for money.
If there is a divorce or separation the child's life will change completely.
As for the old, too many older people live alone — in special flats or homes.
They hardly ever see their children and grandchildren.
They have nothing important to do.
They are often poor and lonely.
In the winter many old people die of cold or from falls in the house — because there is no one to look after them.
Nobody cares.
In the USA many old people go to Florida when they retire and live in large parks.
Often these parks are for old people only.
Neither children nor pets can live there.
. . .
1) What family is the product of the West?
2) What does it consist of?
3) Do children have advantages in a nuclear family?
4) Why do many retired people go to Florida?
. . .
2. Give the definition of these words :
a) A nuclear family ;
b) An extended family.
Ответьте на вопросы1 - What you think the main role of the family is ?
Ответьте на вопросы
1 - What you think the main role of the family is ?
2 - what are the most important family events and why ?
3 - what is changing in the roles of men and women in the family in the modern world ?
II. Write down the words in the correct order and translate the sentences?
II. Write down the words in the correct order and translate the sentences.
1. friendly, their, and, family, traditional, is.
2. any, many, don’t have, children, punishment.
3. his, proud, is, family, of, he.
4. each other, can, friends, on, rely.
5. should, care, parents, of, children, take, their.
Переведите?
Переведите.
Очень нужно.
Только не с переводчика.
In 1969, the Queen wanted to 'open a window' on to the royal family.
That year television cameras came into the royal home and filmed the family in private for the first time.
Forty million people watched the programme.
They saw a different side of the royal family.
The programme brought the royal family closed to people, but it also helped to make problems for the future.
Now the public wanted to see more and more of royal private life.
It was harder to keep the reporters out.
In the last thirty years there have been a lot of documentaries, series and interviews about the royal family.
Before the days of television they seemed formal.
Today they seem informal and friendly.
As well as TV programmes, there are also newspaper stories, books and magazines about the Queen and her family.
Hundreds appear every year.
Some are good - many are bad, but almost all of them are popular.
Срочно?
Срочно!
Помогите перевести текст!
THE USA
The Health Care System in the USA is organized in three levels : family doctor, the medical institution or hospital and the US Public Health Service.
A family or private doctor gives his patients regular examinations and inoculations.
In case when professional service and care is needed the family doctor arranges for the specialist or a hospital for his patients.
The family doctor receives pay directly from the patient.
Most physicians have private practice.
But many Americans have no family doctor and they come directly to the hospitals for their medical needs.
There are government - financed and private hospitals.
The patients are admitted to hospitals or clinics staffed by consulting physicians, residents, interns and highly skilled nurses.
Most hospitals have at least the following major medical departments or units : surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and general medicine.
Emergency units are very special in the hospitals.
Emergency patients acquire immediate attention.
The cost of medical care in the USA is very high.
Most of the population (75%) have their health insurance, life insurance, disability protection and retirement benefits at their place of employment.
Переведите пожалуйстааа•the Convention on the Rights of the Child is the most universally accepted document of this kind ;•the Convention on the Rights of the Child is a set of non - negotiablestandar?
Переведите пожалуйстааа
•the Convention on the Rights of the Child is the most universally accepted document of this kind ;
•the Convention on the Rights of the Child is a set of non - negotiable
standards and obligations ;
•the Convention on the Rights of the Child spells out the basic human rights for children all over the world ;
•the Convention on the Rights of the Child was paid much attention to while being drafted ;
•children born in wealthy nations sometimes need protection as well as children born in developing countries ;
•the Convention on the Rights of the Child specifically emphasizes the role of the family in the upbringing of children.
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Здесь мы рассмотрим, как закон рассматривает семейную специальное учреждение ; как в некоторых правовых системах супружеских пар и их детей по - другому, не состоящие в браке ; бракоразводный процесс ; хранение и ответственность за детей ; и защита от насилия в семье.
Наконец, мы рассмотрим права наследования имущества члена семьи, когда они умирают.
Помимо простой функции, обеспечивающей новое поколение детей, семьи часто способствует ее моральный вклад в общество.
Несмотря на растущий дефицит рабочей силы, японское правительство приняло очень мало законодательства, оспаривая предположение, что матери должны оставаться дома, а не выходить на работу.
В Ирландии, которая находится под сильным влиянием доктрины Католической Церкви, развод остается незаконным.
В некоторых обществах семья считается настолько важным, что существует очень мало правового вмешательства в семейную жизнь.
Во многих исламских странах, например, отцы, братья и сыновья позволило значительную власть над женщинами в семье.
В конце 1970 - х годов, мужчина - глава семьи в Швейцарии считается представляющим интересы всех в этой семье, и, следовательно, ни одна из женщин не может голосовать на национальных выборах.
Но во многих частях мира, этот закон обеспечивает права индивидов в рамках семьи, и регулирует семейные отношения через законодательство.
Вырученные от налогов работающего населения в целом, Данное пособие выплачивается напрямую к матери, и пенсий для бабушек и дедушек, так что они меньше зависят от финансовой поддержки из членов семьи.
В Швеции, родители могут быть привлечены к ответственности за физическое наказание детей и детей, имеющих ограниченные возможности для развода их родителей.
В Британии, как и во многих странах существуют специальные суды по семейным делам с очень сильными полномочиями по контролю и передачи частной собственности в интересах детей.
Большая часть работы других судов также имеет непосредственное отношение к семейной жизни.