Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
Найти прилагательные и наречия в сравнительной и превосходной степени в тексте : The steam locomotive In 1808 Richard Trevithick, an Englishman made an attempt to use steam power to draw passenger and freight trains.
He demonstrated his working model in London.
People looked at his little locomotive with great interest when it ran on a circular track of iron rails.
For a shilling the public could travel in a carriage drawn by the steam engine.
It developed a speed of 12 mph.
Many people did not believe it was possible to make steam engines suitable for service.
However, in 1829 George Stephenson, an English inventor and engineer, built a successful steam locomotive which he called the «Rocket».
This locomotive was much smaller and lighter than the steam engines developed later on, and it was much slower.
Nevertheless, it could draw a small train of loaded cars on the railway and developed a speed of 13 mph.
The «Rocket» is now demonstrated in the British Museum.
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) вопроса 3 - 4) The steam engine drove all sorts of machines, for example, steam ships and steam locomotives.
Indeed, the very first aeroplane built by A.
F. Mozhaisky also had a steam engine.
However, the steam engine had its disadvantages.
It was too large and heavy, and needed too much fuel.
The imperfections of the steam engine led to the design of a new type.
It was called the internal combustion engine, because its fuel ignites and burns inside the engine itself and not in a furnace.
It is smaller and lighter than a steam engine because it does not have a boiler.
It is also more powerful, as it uses better - quality fuel : petrol or kerosene.
The internal combustion engine is now used in cars, diesel locomotives and motor ships.
But to enable aeroplanes to fly faster than the speed of sound another, more powerful engine was needed.
Eventually, one was invented and it was given the name «jet engine».
The gases in it reach the temperature of over a thousand degrees.
It is made of a very resistant metal so that it will not melt.
VI. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной степени?
VI. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной степени.
1. This road is (bad) I have ever traveled over.
2. The first steam locomotive the “Roket” was much (small) and (light) than modern locomotive.
3. The Pan - American Highway is (long) in the world.
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The Tom Thumb
1 The early locomotives were small and slow and they were not powerful.
Besides, the rails on which they ran broke very often.
So many people did not take them seriously.
2 But in 1830.
Peter Cooper, an American, constructed a steam loco which could develop a higher speed than the other engine.
The locomotive was so small and light that his inventor called it the Tom Thumb.
3. The first run of the Tom Thumb was quite successful.
The locomotive travelled a15 - mile distance in one hour and 12 minutes to the delight of its inventor and 36 passengers.
But the end of the travel was not so happy as the beginning.
4. On the way back the inventor wanted to show that his loco could run much quicker than a carriage drawn by a horse.
The Tom Thumb ran so fast that soon it was really ahead.
Of the carriage.
Suddenly, something broke in the engine and the locomotive slowed down.
The horse ran fast with the passengers looking triumphant and happy.
Выберите правильный вариант вопроса.
1. Were the early locomotives small and slow?
Was the early locomotives small and slow?
Did the first locomotives small and slow ?
2. Did the rail broke very often?
Did the rail brake very often?
Was the rail brake very often?
3. When did Peter Cooper construct his locomotive?
When did he constructed his locomotive?
When he constructed his locomotive?
4. Why he called it the Tom Thumb?
Why did he call it the Tom Thumb?
Why did he called it the Tom Thumb?
5. Did he travel a long distance?
Did he travelled a long distance?
Was he travelled a long distance?
6. Could his loco run quicker than a carriage drawn by a horse?
Did his loco can run quicker than a carriage drawn by a horse.
Did his loco could run quicker than a carriage drawn by a horse?
Переклад Тексту Full Steam Ahead For The trip of a lifetime?
Переклад Тексту Full Steam Ahead For The trip of a lifetime.
Переведи текст The beginning of railway construction in Russia may be traced as far back as the second half of the XVIII century?
Переведи текст The beginning of railway construction in Russia may be traced as far back as the second half of the XVIII century.
Road building became closely connected with the development of the mining industry.
Among the numerous works built in the Urals the most important and the best equipped ones were Voskresensk works.
It was at those works that the first tramways in Russia were laid down to link the mines and the works.
K. D.
Frolov, a trained foreman was engaged in the construction of the tracks, and great ability and zeal were displayed by him in that work.
Later on, in 1769, K.
D. Frolov succeeded in mechanizing transportations within the shops of the works.
The next very important step was taken by A.
S. Yartsev, manager of the Alexander Gun works in Petrozavodsk, who suggested that cast iron rails should be used instead of trains, accordingly in 1788 a railway 173, 5 meters long was constructed to meet the needs of the works.
Another line with cast iron rails was constructed in the Altai Mountains by engineer R.
K. Frolov, son of K.
D. Frolov, in 1809.
Its length was 1867 kms.
Its technical equipment was much superior to the equipment of all the railways built in the Urals at that time.
The rails R.
K. Frolov used were elliptical instead of being angular.
It was on that railway that the graphic method of timing train movements was first applied and it was R.
K. Frolov who did it.
The stationary steam engine invented by I.
I. Polsunov in the 1763 and installed at some plants paved the way for the introduction of steam as tractive power on railways.
The first steam loco in Russia was constructed by the Cherepanovs, farther and son, who were considered to be the most skilled and talented workmen of their time.
In Russia many people had doubts about the possibility of using steam engines in the Russian winter.
The first railway using steam traction was put into operation at the Nizhni Tagil metallurgical works.
It was a short distance line covering only 854 metres.
Some four years later, in 1838, the inauguration of the St.
Petersburg Tsarskoye Selo railway took place.
That very important railway line, which was 27 km, was soon followed in 1851, by the construction of the Warsaw – Austrian Border railway and later on by the building of the St.
Petersburg – Moscow line 644 km in length.
That was a first class double – track railway line, which linked two large industrial and cultural centers – Moscow and St.
Petersburg ; 185 bridges and 19 viaducts were erected to make the line as straight and level as possible.
P. P.
Melnicov and N.
O. Kraft, prominent engineers, were in charge of the construction work.
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Нужно определить вид причастия 1 или 2 его функцию (определение, обстоятельство или часть глагола сказуемого ) 1) The steam locomotive invented by G Stef - non developed low speed.
2) The trains drawn by horses were short and light.
Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление окончания - s?
Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление окончания - s.
1. The first Stephenson’s steam locomotive is demonstrated now in the London Museum.
2. Heathrow, London’s major airport was opened in 1929 as a small base for airline tests.
3. Almost 500 million vehicles fill the world’s roads nowadays.
Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite (Present, Past, Future) в действительном залоге?
Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite (Present, Past, Future) в действительном залоге.
Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.
1. This train will proceed to its destination without any stops.
2. The invention of the steam engine started the industrial revolution.
3. The top speed of the first steam locomotive was thirteen miles per hour.
Нужен перевод этого текста, пожалуйстаThe wagons were drawn by horses along the rails to the river where the ships tied up against wooden structures called coal fell the boat tipped at the end of the ?
Нужен перевод этого текста, пожалуйста
The wagons were drawn by horses along the rails to the river where the ships tied up against wooden structures called coal fell the boat tipped at the end of the staithe by a pulley and the into in this below.
In 1720 there were more than 20, 000 horses trucks way around Newcastle and the number was always increasing, It needed one man and one horse for every wagon - load of coal.
The track was usually so that the man was needed clear the way and act as a brake to when the wagon went downhill.
Coal and so mines were More boats, however, came to the staithes for opened up further from the staithes and the railway lines became longer.
Sometimes it was not possible for the colliery owner to lay the track across his own land, so he asked permission to do so from another landowner, promising to pay a certain sum of money.
If the owner of the land refused, the colliery owner asked Parliament to pass an Act forcing the landowner to have the railway lines over his land.
The first Act of this kind was passed 1758 a line near Leeds.
It was not until 1801 that an Act was passed by Parliament permitting the building of a railway line which anyone could use.
It was called the Grand Surrey Iron Railway and ran for 91 / 2 miles from Croydon to the River Thames at Wandsworth.
Unlike the railways of today.
Any goods carrier who had wagons which would run on the rails and the horses to pull them could use the track by paying a certain sum of money.
The track was a plate - way and this made it easier for the goods carriers to use the wagons on the roads.
Roads for By 1820, it was clear that the railways were better than the carrying heavy goods and that iron rails were better than wooden ones, but the engineers could not agree about the best way of pulling the trucks.
Here are the ways from which they had to choose : By horses ropes.
2. By stationary engines pulling the trucks on 3.
By locomotives driven by steam,.
Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между заголовками 1 - 8 и текстами A - G?
Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между заголовками 1 - 8 и текстами A - G.
Запишите свои ответы в таблицу.
Используйте каждую букву только один раз.
В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. Long and special 2.
In a railway museum 3.
Not any more 4.
User and nature friendly 5.
Goods delivery 6.
Art and life 7.
From steam to electricity 8.
Airplane alternative A.
In the 19th century, railroad travel became the fastest way to travel long distances overland.
It was a great improvement over travelling by horse and wagon, which could take weeks longer than the train.
But early trains weren't comfortable.
Seats were hard and the soot from the coal engine made the air very dirty.
In addition, the cars were cold in winter and hot in summer because there was no heat or air conditioning.
But fortunately, since those early years, train travel has become much more pleasant.
B. Some long - distance passenger trains have become famous.
For example, the Trans - Siberian Railway in Russia is the longest railway in the world, covering 9, 259 kilometers and 10 time zones.
In the United States, the California Zephyr travels between Chicago and San Francisco, and during the 3 - day trip, passengers can enjoy amazing views of the Rocky Mountains.
The Orient Express between Venice and Istanbul offers old - fashioned service that is luxurious, romantic, and expensive.
C. In many countries, overnight trains are a good option to air travel.
For example, you might leave one city at 11 : 00 at night, and arrive at your destination at 7 : 00 the next morning.
Typically, you share a cabin with three other people, who you might be travelling with, or who you might not know at all.
Your seats become your beds and the price of your ticket includes your bedding.
If you want, you can order tea and a snack from the cabin attendant.
D. Of course, not all trains carry passengers.
Many trains are freight trains, transporting goods from one location to another.
The busiest freight system in the world is in China.
Freight trains are usually much longer than passenger trains.
The longest freight train recorded was in Australia with over 682 cars.
Freight trains can carry anything — coal, cars, clothing — anything that people need.
Refrigeration, which keeps food cold and fresh, revolutionized freight transportation.
Many countries around the world are investing in high - speed trains.
Today's high - speed railways are amazing.
They can go twice as fast as regular trains, and they are designed for passenger comfort with spacious chairs, internet access, and multi - media entertainment.
High speed rail makes it possible to move many more people much faster over longer distances.
High speed rail also can help the environment because it is more energy efficient and reduces cars on the roads.
E. The invention of the steam locomotive made a breakthrough in the development of the railway system in the 19th century.
Today the technology seems ordinary, but two hundred years ago it was revolutionary.
Steam locomotives were fueled by burning coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drove the engine.
Of course, large amounts of water were also needed.
In the 20th century, steam engines were gradually replaced with trains fueled by diesel or electricity.
F. Authors have been using trains in literature for as long as trains have been running.
Indeed, it's hard to imagine some stories without a train in them.
Even people who have never read Anna Karenina know how the famous novel's heroine dies at the end.
Many American children learn the important lessons of optimism and hard - work reading the classic story The Little Engine that Could.
And of course almost everyone on the planet knows about Hogwarts Express in the Harry Potter books.
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Smaller, lighter, slower,.