Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
Переведите на русский язык.
THE WORK OF MILITIA Our militia was created by the working people to protect their rights.
The officers of our militia have always displayed courage and heroism in the fight against enemies of our state during the Great Patriotic War as well as in the years of peaceful construction.
The main aim of militia has always been to maintain public order, to protect state and personal property and safeguard the rights of our citizens.
Nowadays great attention in the work of militia is paid to prevention of crime, to its suppression.
But if a crime has been committed, the militia officers are to solve the crime as quickly as possible.
To fulfill these tasks the organs of internal affairs are composed of different departments.
The Criminal Detection Department is one of the most complicated militia services.
The main responsibility of the officer of the Criminal Detection Department is to detect the criminal, that is to locate and apprehend him.
In many cases the detective must trace a fugitive who is hiding.
The officers of the Criminal Investigation Department collect facts to prove the guilt or innocence of the suspect.
The final test of a criminal investigation is in presentation of evidence in court Corpus delict8i must be established, the defendant must be identified and associated with the crime scene.
The investigator must also provide competent witnesses.
Economic Crimes Department fights against those who don´t want to live an honest life.
The responsibility of the officers of this Department is to reveal the criminal activity of those who commit embezzlement and other economic crimes, bring them to justice.
The State Auto - Inspection is responsible for traffic regulation and safety on the roads.
The Transport Militia maintains law and order on the railway, air lines and water ways of the country.
The Juvenile Inspection handles "difficult" juveniles and their careless parents.
They also do much work to prevent juvenile delinquency.
The Correctional System is supposed to rehabilitate offenders through labour.
This is the purpose of correctional establishments.
A new service for the fight against organized crime has been created in our militia.
Organized crime operates on fear, bribery and force.
Militia officers of organized crime department are devoting their efforts to collect sufficient evidence to bring gang leaders to justice.
СОСТАВИТЬ ПЕРЕСКАЗ 9 - 10 ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ?
СОСТАВИТЬ ПЕРЕСКАЗ 9 - 10 ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ!
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The Government's strategy for dealing with crime is to sustain the rule of law by preventing crime where possible ; to detect culprits when crimes are commited ; to commit the guilty and acquit the innocent ; to deal firmly, adequately and sensibly with those found guilty ; and to provide more effective support for the victims of crime.
It is also concerned with ensuring that public confidence in the criminal justice system is maintained and that a proper balance between the rights of the citizen and the needs of community as a whole is maintained.
With continuing concern in Britain, as in many other countries, over rising crime rates, public expenditure on law and order programme reflects the special priority given by the Government to these services.
Recent increases have been made to cover, in particular, greater police manpower, the probation service and extra spending on prison building.
More than two - thirds of total expenditure is initially incurred by local authorities (with the help of central government grants), mainly on the police service.
A number of measures to strengthen the criminal justice system have been taken.
The Drug Trafficking Offences Act 1986 provides for the pre - trial freezing of suspected drug trafficker's assets, backed up on conviction by immediate confiscation of the assets to the value of the proceeds of the crime ; similar provisions are included in the Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1987.
The Public Order Act 1986 codifies the common law offences of riot, unlawful assembly and affray ; enhances the powers of the police to control public processions and assemblies likely to result in serious disorder or disruption ; strengethens the law against incitement to racial hatred ; and provides additional powers to combat football hooliganism.
Under the Criminal Justice Act 1987 a Serious Fraud Office with wide powers to investigate and prosecute serious or complex fraud in England, Wales and Northern Ireland was established in 1988.
Сократить текст)))The Government's strategy for dealing with crime is to sustain the rule of law by preventing crime where possible ; to detect culprits when crimes are commited ; to commit the guilty?
Сократить текст)))The Government's strategy for dealing with crime is to sustain the rule of law by preventing crime where possible ; to detect culprits when crimes are commited ; to commit the guilty and acquit the innocent ; to deal firmly, adequately and sensibly with those found guilty ; and to provide more effective support for the victims of crime.
It is also concerned with ensuring that public confidence in the criminal justice system is maintained and that a proper balance between the rights of the citizen and the needs of community as a whole is maintained.
With continuing concern in Britain, as in many other countries, over rising crime rates, public expenditure on law and order programme reflects the special priority given by the Government to these services.
Recent increases have been made to cover, in particular, greater police manpower, the probation service and extra spending on prison building.
More than two - thirds of total expenditure is initially incurred by local authorities (with the help of central government grants), mainly on the police service.
A number of measures to strengthen the criminal justice system have been taken.
The Drug Trafficking Offences Act 1986 provides for the pre - trial freezing of suspected drug trafficker's assets, backed up on conviction by immediate confiscation of the assets to the value of the proceeds of the crime ; similar provisions are included in the Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1987.
The Public Order Act 1986 codifies the common law offences of riot, unlawful assembly and affray ; enhances the powers of the police to control public processions and assemblies likely to result in serious disorder or disruption ; strengethens the law against incitement to racial hatred ; and provides additional powers to combat football hooliganism.
Under the Criminal Justice Act 1987 a Serious Fraud Office with wide powers to investigate and prosecute serious or complex fraud in England, Wales and Northern Ireland was established in 1988.
Помогите первести Many prominent criminologists of the 19lh century, particularly those associated with the Socialist movement, attributed crime mainly to the influence of poverty?
Помогите первести Many prominent criminologists of the 19lh century, particularly those associated with the Socialist movement, attributed crime mainly to the influence of poverty.
They pointed out that persons who are unable to provide adequately for themselves and their families through normal legal channels are frequently driven to theft, burglary, prostitution, and other offences.
The incidence of crime especially tends to rise in times of widespread unemployment.
Present - day criminologists take a broader and deeper view ; they place the blame for most crimes on the whole range of environmental conditions associated with poverty.
The living conditions of the poor, particularly of those in slims, are characterized by overcrowding, lack of privacy, inadequate play space and recreational facilities, and poor sanitation.
Such conditions engender feelings of deprivation and hopelessness and are conducive to crime as a means of escape.
The feeling is encouraged by the example set by those who have escaped to what appears to the better way of life made possible by crime.
Some theorists relate the incidence of crime to the general state of a culture.
Especially the impact of economic crises, wars, and revolutions and the general sense of insecurity and uprootedness to which these forces give rise.
As a society becomes more unsettled and its people more restless and fearful of the future, the crime rate tends to rise.
This is particularly true of juvenile crime, as the experience of the United States since World War II has made evident.
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Срочно нужен нормальный перевод, помогите.
The Courts in our Country
The court is an organ of state that administers justice on the basis of the laws of the state.
There are courts of first instance and second instance.
A court of first instance examines a case in substance and brings in a sentence or a judgement.
A court of second instance examines appeals and protests against sentences and judgements of courts of first instance.
However, any court may sit as a court of first instance.
The basic judicial organ is the district court.
It tries both criminal and civil cases.
The district court consists of a judge and two assessors.
Cases are tried in public and proceedings are oral.
The participants in the trial (the victim, the accused, the plaintiff, the defendant and others) speak in open court.
The accused has the right to defence.
The highest judicial organ is the country's Supreme Court supervising the activities of all the judicial organs of the state.
As a court of first instance it tries the most important criminal and civil cases.
It also hears appeals against sentences and judgements of lower courts.
Придумать 20 - 30 вопросов на английском по тексту : England, 1943, Anthony Pratt invents Cluedo and his wife designs the board?
Придумать 20 - 30 вопросов на английском по тексту : England, 1943, Anthony Pratt invents Cluedo and his wife designs the board.
Waddington games buys the idea, releases the game in 1949 and it becomes a great succes.
The aim of the game is to find out the identity of the killer of Dr Black, the murder weapon and the scene of the crime.
In order to do that, players move around the house and ask the other players questions.
The first player to solve the crime wins.
Combine these pairs of sentences as in the example?
Combine these pairs of sentences as in the example.
Example : The services are useful.
The workers provide the services.
= > ; The services which the workers provide are useful / a.
The goods are essential.
They need the goods.
B. The schools and hospitals are essential.
The provide the schools and hospitals.
C. The goods are valuable.
He buys the goods.
D. The money buys essential commodities.
People earn this money.
E. The goods and services are very useful.
People produce these goods and services.
F. The work is called economic activity.
We do this work.
G. The work provide them with money.
People do this work.
H. The economic activities make up the economic system.
People undertake these economic activites.
Переведите следующие предложения, используя пассивную конструкцию : The criminal is identified ; the suspect was traced and located ; the facts are gathered for court presentation, the division of the?
Переведите следующие предложения, используя пассивную конструкцию : The criminal is identified ; the suspect was traced and located ; the facts are gathered for court presentation, the division of the investigation into three phases is made for convenience of discussion, the same evidence is often used for three objectives, the criminal was identified as the perpetrator of the criminal acts, the identity of the criminal has been discovered through his confession, the guilt of the accused has been proved, the defendant was identified and associated with the crime scene : the facts are being established with the help of the witnesses.
. Переведите на русский язык?
. Переведите на русский язык.
THE CRIMINAL LAW.
The criminal law, like the law generally, is interpreted by the courts but changes in the law are the matters for Parliament.
In practice, most legislation affecting criminal law is government - sponsored, but there is usually consultation between government departments and the legal profession, the police, the probation service (in Scotland, the social work agencies) and voluntary bodies.
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы внизу текста?
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы внизу текста.
Militia of the Republic of Belarus
(1) The first militia forces in Belarus were created in 1917.
The Militia of the Republic of Belarus, which comes under the authority of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, has a wide range of activity.
Its activity is regu - lated by the Law on Militia of the Republic of Belarus, adopted in 1991, and amended several twice.
(2) According to the Law the principle task of the Belarusian Militia is to prevent and eradicate crime.
To meet the requirements of our life, the militia officer must be a broad - educated person, he should be a perfect expert in laws and their proper usage and he should be competent in human psychology and human understand - ing.
For all that the militiaman should possess initiative, patience and investigative ability.
(3) The duties of the Militia are various including criminal investigation, administrative enforcement and others.
It sees to it that citizens observe laws, government decrees and local ordinances, which regulate public peace and order.
It protects state and public property and personal property of the citizens.
It maintains order in public places, summons first aid for people who are involved in street or other accidents and so on.
(4) Under the law, the central objective of the law enforcement agencies is to provide security or, at least, a social and psychological feeling of security, to a majority of citizens, in a majority of places for most of the time.
Nowadays great attention in the work of militia is also paid to prevention of crime, to its suppression.
But if a crime has been committed, the militia officers are to solve the crime as quickly as possible.
To fulfill these tasks the law - enforcement agencies are composed of different departments.
(5) The main responsibility of the officer of the Criminal Detection Department is to detect the criminal, i.
E. to locate and apprehend him.
Officers of the Criminal Investigation Department collect facts to prove the guilt or the innocence of the suspect.
The Economic Crimes Department deals with revealing the criminal activi - ty of those who commit embezzlement and other economic crimes, and bringing them into justice.
The State Au - to - Inspection (Traffic Regulation Department) is responsible for traffic regulation and safety on the roads ; it con - trols them through preventive acts and enforcement.
The Transport Militia maintains law and order on the rail - way, airlines and waterways in the country.
The Juvenile Inspection handles juvenile delinquents and their care - less parents ; they also do much work to prevent juvenile delinquency.
The Correctional System is supposed to rehabilitate offenders through labour ; this is the purpose of correctional establishments.
Militia officers of the Organized Crime Department are devoting their efforts to collect sufficient evidence to bring gang leaders to justice.
3. Используя информацию текста «Militia of the Republic of Belarus» письменно ответьте на следу - ющие вопросы.
1. What enactment regulates the activities of the Belarusian Militia?
2. What qualities should a militiaman possess to meet the requirements of modern life?
3. What are the main duties of a militiaman?
4. What are the main departments of law - enforcement agencies?
Прочитайте текст и переведите его на русский язык?
Прочитайте текст и переведите его на русский язык.
CRIMINAL AND CIVIL CASES Crime is a violation of a law that forbids or commands an activity.
Such as murder, rape, arson are on the books of every country.
Because crime is a violation of public order, the government prosecutes criminal cases.
Courts decide both criminal and civil cases.
Civil cases stem from claims to something of value.
Disputes arise from accidents, contract obligations, and divorce, for example.
Most countries make a rather clear distinction between civil and criminal procedures.
For example, an English criminal court may force a defendant to pay a fine as punishment for his crime, and he may sometimes have to pay the legal costs of the prosecution.
But the victim of the crime pursuits his claim for compensation in a civil, not a criminal, action.
Criminal and civil procedures are different.
Although some systems, in the English law, allow a private citizen to bring a criminal prosecution to another citizen, criminal actions are nearly always started by the state.
Civil procedures, on the other hand, are usually started by individuals.
Some courts, such as the English Magistrates Courts and the Japanese Family Court, deal with both civil and criminal matters.
Others, such as the English Crown Court, deal exclusively with one or the other.
In Anglo - American law, the party bringing a criminal action (that is, in most cases the state) is called the prosecution, but the party bringing a civil action is the plaintiff.
In both kinds of action the other party is known as the defendant.
A criminal case against a person called Ms.
Brown would be described as "The People vs.
(versus, or against) Brown" in the United States and "R.
(Regina, that is, the Queen) vs.
Brown" in England.
But a civil action between Ms.
Brown and Mr.
Smith would be "Brown vs.
Smith" if it was started by Brown, and "Smith vs.
Brown" if it was started by Mr.
Smith.
Evidence from a criminal trial is not necessarily admissible as evidence in a civil action about the same matter.
For example, the victim of a road accident does not directly benefit if the driver who injured him is found guilty of the crime of careless driving.
He still has to prove his case in a civil action.
In fact he may be able to prove his civil case even when the driver is found not guilty in the criminal trial.
Once the plaintiff has shown that the defendant is liable, the main argument in a civil court is about the amount of money, or damages, the defendant should pay to the plaintiff.
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РАБОТА МИЛИЦИИНаша милиция была создана трудящихся для защиты своих прав.
Сотрудники нашей милиции всегда проявили мужество и героизм, проявленные в борьбе с врагами нашего государства в годы Великой Отечественной войны, а также в годы мирного строительства.
Основная цель милиции всегда была для поддержания общественного порядка, в целях защиты государственной и личной собственности и защиты прав наших граждан.
В настоящее время большое внимание в работе милиции уделяется профилактике преступлений, к его подавлению.
Но если преступление было совершено, сотрудники милиции должны раскрыть преступление в кратчайшие сроки.
Для выполнения этих задач органов внутренних дел состоят из различных ведомств.
Департамент уголовного обнаружения является одним из самых сложных милиции услуг.
Основной обязанностью офицера отдела уголовного обнаружения для обнаружения преступника, то есть, чтобы найти и задержать его.
Во многих случаях детектив должен проследить беглеца, скрывающегося.
Сотрудники отдела уголовного розыска собрать факты, чтобы доказать виновность или невиновность подозреваемого.
Заключительный тест расследования уголовного дела находится в представления доказательств в суде Корпус delict8i должно быть установлено, ответчик должны быть определены и связаны с места преступления.
Следователь должен также предоставить компетентным свидетелей.
Отдел экономических преступлений борется против тех, которые не хотят жить честную жизнь.
Ответственность должностных лиц данного Департамента является выявление преступной деятельности лиц, совершающих хищения и другие экономические преступления, довести их досправедливость.
Государственный Авто - Inspection отвечает за регулирование дорожного движения и безопасности на дорогах.
Транспортной милиции поддержанию правопорядка на железной дороге, воздушных трасс и водных путей страны.
Инспекция по делам несовершеннолетних ручки "сложные" для подростков и их нерадивых родителей.
Они также делают большую работу, чтобы предотвратить преступности среди несовершеннолетних.
Уголовно - исполнительной системы предполагается реабилитировать преступников через труд.
Это цель исправительных учреждений.
Новый сервис для борьбы с организованной преступностью была создана в нашей милиции.
Организованная преступность действует на страх, взяточничество и силы.
Милиционеры организованной отделом преступления, которые посвящают свои усилия по сбору достаточные доказательства для предъявления лидеров банды перед судом.