Английский язык | 5 - 9 классы
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London is one of the biggest cities in the world with a population of over 8 million.
London's transport system has a rich history that developed with the capital.
200 years ago London was a compact city where most people got around on foot.
Streets were often crowded with pedestrians, only the wealthy were able to travel by horse.
The River Thames provided a faster way of getting around.
In 1900 almost every vehicle on the streets of London was horse - drawn.
More than 300, 000 horses were needed to keep the city on the move.
Everything from private carriages and cabs to buses, trams and delivery vans as horse - drawn.
15 years later everything changed.
Horse buses and horse trams disappeared in London, and motor taxis outnumbered horse - drawn cabs.
Motor cars replaced carriages, but only for the wealthy.
Motorbuses and electric trams were everywhere, they were used by everyone.
Londoners more than doubled the number of journeys they made by bus and tram.
However, horses were still used for most goods delivery.
In the 1920s buses overtook trams in popularity.
Buses were more comfortable and also cheaper to modernise and maintain.
Electric trolleybuses were introduced and remained in use until the introduction of disel buses after the Second World War.
The black cab and the red double deck bus are iconic symbols of London.
They were still on the streets of London at the start of the 21st century.
The London Underground carries more than three million passengers a day.
Providing a safe and comfotable travelling environment for so many people is an enormous challenge to planners and operators of the network.
Lately the London transport system has considerably improved its service.
Neraly 5% of Londonershave switched from private car use to public transport - unprecedented in a world city.
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Как читается London, the capital of Great Britain, is a very old town.
It is two thousand years old.
Many years ago London was a small town on the Thames.
There were a lot of villages round it and after many years London and three hundred villages grew into a very large city.
Some of the names of those villages you can find in the names of the streets in modern London — Kensington, Westminster and others.
There were many wars in those days and people from other countries came to Great Britain and destroyed London, but new houses of stone grew up.
London stands not far from the sea.
Many ships from other countries came to the port of London and brought cotton, food and other things.
Factories grew in London and other cities.
Many shops were opened in the centre of London.
In 1863 the first underground railway began to work.
It was very short in those days.
Now London is a beautiful city with large squares and parks.
London is one of the biggest cities in the world.
Переведите пожалуйста текстIn those days people usually built houses of wood?
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In those days people usually built houses of wood.
Sometimes there were fires in the city, but they were usually very small.
1666 was the year of the Great Fire of London.
On Saturday, 2nd September, 1666, there was a strong wind from the river and a big fire began.
It started in the house of the kings baker, near London Bridge.
The bakers wife woke up in the middle of the night because the house was on fire.
Soon the next house started burning and then the next and the next.
The fire burns until Thursday.
Many houses in London were burnt.
The fire burnt for four days.
More than 250 thousand people didn't have home and more.
After the Great Fire people built a new city.
It became larger and larger.
By 1830, there were more than one and a half million people in London.
The railways came and London became richer and richer.
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The fire of London.
In october 1796 there was a fire in the old city of London.
The fire started in a hause on London Bridge.
The weather was fine that day, there were few , honses on London Bridge, and that's why only 4 honses were bumt.
The fire started on Thursday and was over on Friday.
The people of London built a new city after the Fire.
Make up sentences?
Make up sentences.
On / the / London / river / Thames / stands / .
* Здесь поле для ввода правильного текста *
the / the / Tower Bridge / .
/ most / famous / bridge / is / __________
most famous / the / the / museum / is / Bridge Museum / .
___________
famous / park / Hyde Pack / is / the / in / London / .
/ most ______________
double - deckers / are / called / the / buses / in / London / .
___________
a lot of / cars / in / the / streets / of / London / .
/ there / are / and / buses _________
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DIFFERENT KINDS OF LAND TRANSPORT
1.
What was the reaction of the people after the invention of the steam engine?
In Washington the story is told of a director of the Patent Office who in the early thirties of the last century suggested that the Office be closed because “everything that could possibly be invented had been invented”.
People experienced a similar feeling after the invention of the steam engine.
But there was a great need for a more efficient engine than the steam engine, for one without a huge boiler, an engine that could quickly be started and stopped.
This problem was solved by the invention of the internal combustion engine.
2. Who introduced the first cheap motor car?
The first practical internal combustion engine was introduced in the form of a gas engine by the German engineer N.
Otto in 1876.
Since then motor transport began to spread in Europe very rapidly.
But the person who was the first to make it really popular was Henry Ford, an American manufacturer who introduced the first cheap motor car, the famous Ford Model “T”.
3. When did diesel - engined lorries become general?
The rapid development of the internal combustion engine led to its use in the farm tractors, thereby creating a revolution in agriculture.
The use of motor vehicles for carrying heavy loads developed more slowly until the 1930s when diesel - engined lorries became general.
The motor cycle steadily increased in popularity as engines and tyres became more reliable and roads improved.
Motor cycles were found well suited for competition races and sporting events and also recognized as the cheapest form of fast transport.
4. When were the trams introduced first?
Buses were started in Paris in 1820.
In 1828 they were introduced in London by George Shillibeer, a coach builder who used the French name Omnibus which was obtained from the Latin word meaning “for all”.
His omnibuses were driven by three horses and had seats for 22 passengers.
Then in the 20th century reliable petrol engines became available, and by 1912 the new motor buses were fast replacing horse - driven buses.
Trams were introduced in the middle of the 19th century.
The idea was that, as the rails were smoother than the roads, less effort was needed to pull a tram than a bus.
The first trams were horse - drawn but the later trams were almost all driven by electricity.
The electric, motor driving the tram was usually with electric current from overhead wires.
Such wires are also used by trolleybuses, which run on rubber tyres and do not need rails.
Another form of transport used in London, Paris, Berlin, Moscow, St.
Petersburg, Kiev and some other crowded cities is the underground railway.
London’s first underground railway of the “tube” type was opened in 1863, the Moscow underground in 1935.
5. What do the longest oil pipe - lines connect?
The pipe - lines, which were in use by the ancient Romans for carrying water supplies to their houses, are now mainly used to transport petroleum.
The first pipe - line of this kind was laid in Pennsylvania, the United States, in 1865.
Some of the longest oil pipe - lines connect oil - fields in Iraq and near the Persian Gulf with ports on the Mediterranean coast.
A famous Pipe - Line Under the Ocean (PLUTO) was laid across the English Channel In 1944.
6. What are the cableways used for?
A form of transport which is quite common in some mountainous parts of the world, especially in Switzerland, is the aerial cableway.
Cableways are used at nearly all winter sport centres to pull or carry skiers to the top of the slopes.
Cableways are used by many Alpine villages which lie high up the mountain - sides for bringing up their supplies from the valley below.
Соотнесите пожалуйста)1?
Соотнесите пожалуйста)
1.
А place to see history 5.
А healthy form of transport
2.
An easy way to рау for the trip 6.
Popular tourist routes
3.
А contrast to the dark city 7.
Named after its form
4.
Capital experts 8.
Why driving on the other side
А.
The London Underground is the quickest and easiest way of getting around the
city.
Today it is as important а landmark of the capital as Big Ben or the London
Еуе.
The underground is often called the Tube because of its shape : tube shaped
tunnels, stations and trains.
The Tube became an official name for the first time in the
early 1900s, after the Central London Railway (now the Central Line) was named the
Twopenny Tube.
В. In 1956 the red London double - decker bus appeared on the London streets for the first
time.
At that time, the London buildings had gone black because of smoke from the
coal used for heating.
What's more, due to the local climate and lack of wind, there
was always fog in the city.
Under such gloomy circumstances, the bright - red London
double - decker bus became а sensation!
In the past 50 years, the red double - decker has
become an icon of London.
С. Oyster is an electronic smart card ticket.
Regardless of whether you live in London, or
you are а tourist, а day trip visitor, or а regular visitor to the capital, the Oyster Card is
definitely the easiest way to travel around the London Transport system.
Simply touch
the card on the yellow reader to get through the Tube gates or board other London
puЬlic transport.
The card doesn't even need to bе removed from your purse or wallet
to work.
D. The London Transport Museum is worth visiting.
Entrance is not free but the price of for а year pass is more than reasonable.
The exhibitions displayed in the museum
present London transport in its historical context.
There are more than 80 vehicles,
including а red London bus and the world's first Underground train.
The galleries are
full of interactive exhibit’s for young people to play on - including real buses and
trains!
Е. In London there are around 23 000 taxis.
The taxi drivers know every comer of London
because , all of them have to take an exam, called the Knowledge.
This exam supposes
that the candidate driver can recognize most of the 20 000 London streets and knows
how to choose the shortest route between two points.
Each taxi driver should also
know all the parks, cinemas, theatres and museums in the city.
F. Over the last few years, · cycling around London has been getting more and more
popular.
The reasons are obvious - there is no 'carbon waste' and it prevents obesity
and heart disease.
For tourists, it is often also the quickest and the easiest way to see
London, with the bonus of getting some exercise.
The casual user hires а bike at one
of the numerous bike stations, rides it where he or she wants and then returns it to any ·
of the docking stations.
G. lf you've ever been to Britain, one of the : first ·things you will have noticed is that the
British drive on the wrong side of the road.
They drive on the left!
The reason for this
goes back to the days when people travelled on horses.
Most people are right - handed
and the left is the natural side to ride on if you are on horseback - you need your right
hand to hold а sword in case of any trouble.
Переведите пожалуйста текстLondon is the capital of England, the capital of Great Britain, and the capital of the United Kingdom?
Переведите пожалуйста текст
London is the capital of England, the capital of Great Britain, and the capital of the United Kingdom.
It is the largest town in Europe and one of the oldest towns in the world.
The old Celts gave it its name, the Romans!
Made it the centre of their new colony, the Germanic invaders tried to burn and to destroy it, the victorious Normans made it the capital of the country.
The central part of London is full of historical remains.
Nearly every building, every bridge, every street, palace, house, and stone — each of them has its own story, its own past.
In London past and present are so mixed together that they cannot easily be separated and when you are in London you see the past in the present and the present in the past.
The oldest part of London is called the City.
In the City the streets and pavements are very narrow and the traffic is very heavy on weekdays.
That is because the most important London firms and banks have offices there.
But at weekends the City is almost dead.
The most fashionable and the most expensive part to live in is the West End.
It is situated between the City and Hyde Park.
The City and the West End are the heart of London ; they are the parts which everybody who comes to London must see and wants to see, because they are more interesting than any other part of London.
All the most interesting buildings, shops and offices are situated here.
The Tower of London, the Bank of England, the Mansion House where the Lord Mayor lives, the Law Courts, and many interesting old churches are situated in the City.
The Houses of Parliament with Big Ben, Westminster Abbey, the National Gallery and many theatres and good shops are in the West End.
London has many bridges over the Thames, more than twenty but the most interesting of them all is the Tower Bridge situated near the Tower of London.
The Tower of London is an old castle, with high walls, high towers, small windows and large gardens.
Once it was a royal residence, a strong fortress and a state prison.
Here many important people, among them two wives of Henry VIII, were imprisoned and beheaded.
One of the oldest and the most famous places of London is St.
Paul's Cathedral.
It has been destroyed and rebuilt several times since the original construction in the 7th century.
It stands in the centre of the so - called Little Britain.
A large part of Little Britain was destroyed during the war : the houses that were close to the Cathedral's walls disappeared and for the first time in centuries St.
Paul's Cathedral's beauty can be seen.
НАПИШИТЕ КАК ЧИТАЕСТЯ НА РУССКОМ НЕЕЕЕ ПЕРЕВОД London is the capital of England?
НАПИШИТЕ КАК ЧИТАЕСТЯ НА РУССКОМ НЕЕЕЕ ПЕРЕВОД London is the capital of England.
It lies on the river Thames.
It has a population of over 8 million people.
London is famous for its historical buildings, St, Pauls Cathedral and the Parlament buildings watches the Big Ben.
London has problems with traffis and pollution.
Many people use the London underground.
London Center Business and Tourism.
There are many cinemas of theatres museums.
People from all over the visit London every ea.
14. Прочитать текст, письменно и ответить на вопросы : 1?
14. Прочитать текст, письменно и ответить на вопросы : 1.
What is the capital of the United Kingdom?
2. Where is situated the most important London firms and banks?
3. What is the heart of London?
4. How many bridges are there in London?
5. What is the name of an old castle?
_______________________________________________________ 6.
What was destroyed during the war?
_______________________________________________________ London.
London is the capital of England, the capital of Great Britain, and the capital of the United Kingdom.
It is the largest town in Europe and one of the oldest towns in the world.
The old Celts gave it its name, the Romans made it the centre of their new colony, the Germanic invaders tried to burn and to destroy it, the victorious Normans made it the capital of the country.
The central part of London is full of historical remains.
Nearly every building, every bridge, every street, palace, house, and stone — each of them has its own story, its own past.
In London past and present are so mixed together that they cannot easily be separated and when you are in London you see the past in the present and the present in the past.
The oldest part of London is called the City.
In the City the streets and pavements are very narrow and the traffic is very heavy on weekdays.
That is because the most important London firms and banks have offices there.
But at weekends the City is almost dead.
The most fashionable and the most expensive part to live in is the West End.
It is situated between the City and Hyde Park.
The City and the West End are the heart of London ; they are the parts which everybody who comes to London must see and wants to see, because they are more interesting than any other part of London.
All the most interesting buildings, shops and offices are situated here.
The Tower of London, the Bank of England, the Mansion House where the Lord Mayor lives, the Law Courts, and many interesting old churches are situated in the City.
The Houses of Parliament with Big Ben, Westminster Abbey, the National Gallery and many theatres and good shops are in the West End.
London has many bridges over the Thames, more than twenty but the most interesting of them all is the Tower Bridge situated near the Tower of London.
The Tower of London is an old castle, with high walls, high towers, small windows and large gardens.
Once it was a royal residence, a strong fortress and a state prison.
Here many important people, among them two wives of Henry VIII, were imprisoned and beheaded.
One of the oldest and the most famous places of London is St.
Paul's Cathedral.
It has been destroyed and rebuilt several times since the original construction in the 7th century.
It stands in the centre of the so - called Little Britain.
A large part of Little Britain was destroyed during the war : the houses that were close to the Cathedral's walls disappeared and for the first time in centuries St.
Paul's Cathedral's beauty can be seen.
Помогите почитать на английском, русскими словами?
Помогите почитать на английском, русскими словами?
Most London buses are red.
Every year, London buses travel 163 million miles.
That's like all the way to the Sun and back.
Вы зашли на страницу вопроса Помогите составить 7 вопросов по текстуLondon is one of the biggest cities in the world with a population of over 8 million?, который относится к категории Английский язык. По уровню сложности вопрос соответствует учебной программе для учащихся 5 - 9 классов. В этой же категории вы найдете ответ и на другие, похожие вопросы по теме, найти который можно с помощью автоматической системы «умный поиск». Интересную информацию можно найти в комментариях-ответах пользователей, с которыми есть обратная связь для обсуждения темы. Если предложенные варианты ответов не удовлетворяют, создайте свой вариант запроса в верхней строке.
1 What was London like 200 years ago?
2 Did motor cars replace carriages?
3 Motorbuses and electric trams were used by everyone, weren't they?
4 Did buses or trains overtake trams in popularity in the 1920s?
5 What kind of transport remained in use until the introduction of disel buses after the Second World War?
6 What are the iconic symbols of London?
7 How many passengers does the London Underground carry?