Английский язык | студенческий
What happens during the trial Перевод
Events in trial usually happen in a particular order, though the order may be changed by the judge.
The usual order of events is set out below.
Step 1.
Selection of the jury.
Step 2.
Opening statements.
The lawyer for each side will discuss their views of the case that you are to hear and will also present a general picture of what they intend to prove about the case.
What the lawyer say in their opening statements is not evidence and, therefore, does not help prove their cases.
Step 3.
Presentation of Evidence.
All parties are entitled to present evidence.
The testimony of witnesses who testify at trial is evidence.
Evidence may also take the form of physical exhibits, such as a gun or photograph.
On occasion, the written testimony of people not able to attend the trial may also be evidence in the case you will hear.
Many things you will see and hear during the trial are not evidence.
For example, what the lawyers say in their opening and closing statements is not evidence.
Physical exhibits offered by the lawyers.
But not admitted by the judge, are also to be disregarded, as is testimony that the judge orders stricken off the record.
Many times during the trial the lawyers may take objections to evidence presented by the other side or to questions asked by other lawyer.
Lawyers are allowed to object to these things when they consider them improper under the law of evidence.
It is up to the judge to decide whether each objection was valid or invalid, and whether, therefore, the evidence can be admitted or the question allowed.
If the objection was valid, the judge will overrule the objection.
These rulings do not reflect the judge’s opinion of the case or whether the judge favours or favour the evidence or the question to which there has been an objection.
It is your duty as a juror to decide the weight or importance of evidence or testimony allowed by the judge.
You are also the solo judge of the credibility of witnesses, that is, of whether their testimony is believable.
In considering credibility, you may take into account the witnesses’ opportunity and ability to observe the events about which they are testifying, their memory and manner while testifying, the reasonableness of when considered in the light of all the other evidence in the case, their possible bias or prejudice, and ant other factors that bear on the believability of the testimony or on the importance to be given that testimony.
Step 4.
The instructions.
Following presentation of all the evidence, the judge instructs the jury on the laws that are to guide the jury in their deliberation on the verdict.
A copy of the instructions will be sent to the jury room for the use of jurors during their deliberations.
All documents or physical objects that have been received into evidence will also be sent to the jury room.
Step 5.
Closing Arguments.
The lawyers in the closing arguments summarize the case from their point of view they.
They may discuss the evidence that has been presented or comment on the credibility of witnesses.
The lawyers may also discuss any of the judge’s instructions that they feel are of special importance to their case.
These arguments are not evidence.
Step 6.
Jury Deliberation.
The jury retires to the jury room to conduct the deliberations on the verdict in the case they have just heard.
Пожалуйста помогите выбрать, главное, сократить текст для пересказа jury service An Important Job and a Rewarding Experience The right to trial by a jury of our fellow citizens is one of our most impo?
Пожалуйста помогите выбрать, главное, сократить текст для пересказа jury service An Important Job and a Rewarding Experience The right to trial by a jury of our fellow citizens is one of our most important rights and is guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States.
By serving on a Jury, then, you are helping to guarantee one of our most important freedoms.
Your job as a juror is to listen to all the evidence presented at trial and to "decide the facts" - that is, to decide what really happened.
The judge, on the other hand, "decides the law" - that is, makes decisions on legal issues that come up during the trial.
For example, the judge may have to decide whether you and the other jurors may hear certain evidence or whether one lawyer may ask a witness a certain question.
You should not try to decide these legal issues, sometimes you will even be asked to leave the courtroom while they are being decided.
Both your job and that of the judge must be done well if our system of trial by jury is to work.
In order to do your job you do not need any special knowledge or ability.
It is enough that you keep an open mind, concentrate on the evidence being presented, use your common sense, and be fair and honest.
Finally, you should not be influenced by sympathy or prejudice : it is vital that you be impartial with regard to all people and all ideas.
Many jurors find that it is exciting to learn about this most important system "from the inside", and challenging to deal fairly and thoroughly with the cases they hear.
We hope that you, too, find your experience as a juror to be interesting and satisfying.
Look at the pictures and say what they are doing on the beach?
Look at the pictures and say what they are doing on the beach.
The boys .
. The dog .
. The father .
. The children on the sand .
. The boy at the hotel .
. The big girls .
. The are all having fun .
.
Use “to” with the Infinitives where necessary?
Use “to” with the Infinitives where necessary.
If the judge releases the accused on bail, it means that he lets the accuse _____ wait for the trial at freedom.
The officer ordered ___ bring the defendant into the courtroom.
Why not ____ him right now?
We decided ____ invite experts to take part in the trial.
They wanted _____ find the criminal as soon as possible.
The prosecutor wants the investigator _____ present the evidence.
The policemen saw the thief ____ steal the clothes.
The accused was found ____ be guilty.
He is said ____ be the most dangerous criminal of all times.
The robber made the customers _____ lie on the floor.
Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам?
Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам.
(A verdict) must be unanimous.
The members of jury decide (the question of fact.
)
(The judge) decides the questions of law.
There are (12 members) of the jury.
Пожалуйста помогите выбрать главное, для пересказа текста?
Пожалуйста помогите выбрать главное, для пересказа текста.
Jury service An Important Job and a jury service An Important Job and a Rewarding Experience The right to trial by a jury of our fellow citizens is one of our most important rights and is guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States.
By serving on a Jury, then, you are helping to guarantee one of our most important freedoms.
Your job as a juror is to listen to all the evidence presented at trial and to "decide the facts" - that is, to decide what really happened.
The judge, on the other hand, "decides the law" - that is, makes decisions on legal issues that come up during the trial.
For example, the judge may have to decide whether you and the other jurors may hear certain evidence or whether one lawyer may ask a witness a certain question.
You should not try to decide these legal issues, sometimes you will even be asked to leave the courtroom while they are being decided.
Both your job and that of the judge must be done well if our system of trial by jury is to work.
In order to do your job you do not need any special knowledge or ability.
It is enough that you keep an open mind, concentrate on the evidence being presented, use your common sense, and be fair and honest.
Finally, you should not be influenced by sympathy or prejudice : it is vital that you be impartial with regard to all people and all ideas.
Many jurors find that it is exciting to learn about this most important system "from the inside", and challenging to deal fairly and thoroughly with the cases they hear.
We hope that you, too, find your experience as a juror to be interesting and satisfying.
Помогите с переводом на русский?
Помогите с переводом на русский.
Events in a trial usually happen in a particular order, though the order may be changed by the judge.
The usual order of events is set out below.
Step I : Selection of the Jury.
Step 2 : Opening Statements.
The lawyers for each side will discuss their views of the case that you are to hear and will also present a general picture of what they intend to prove about the case.
What the lawyers say in their opening statements is not evidence and, therefore, does not help_prove their cases.
Step 3 : Presentation of Evidence.
All parties are entitled to present evidence.
The testimony of witnesses who testify at trial is evidence.
Evidence may also take the form of physical exhibits, such as a gun or a photograph.
On occasion, the written testimony of people not able to attend the trial may also be evidence in the cases you will hear.
Many things you will see and hear during the trial are not evidence.
For example, what the lawyers say in their opening and closing statements is not evidence.
Physical exhibits offered by the lawyers, but not admitted by the judge, are also to be disregarded, as is testimony that the judge orders stricken off the record.
Many times during the trial the .
Lawyers may make OBJECTIONS to evidence presented by the other side or to questions asked by the other lawyer.
Lawyers are allowed to object to these things when they consider them improper under the laws of evidence.
It is up to the judge to decide whether each objection was valid or invalid, and whether, therefore, the evidence can be admitted, or the question allowed.
If the objection was valid, the judge will SUSTAIN THE OBJECTION.
If the objection was not valid, the judge will OVERRULE THE OBJECTION.
These rulings do not reflect the judge's opinion of the case or whether the judge favours or does not favour the evidence or the question to which there has been an objection.
It is your duty as a juror to decide the weight or importance of evidence or testimony allowed by the judge.
You are also the sole judge of the CREDIBILITY OF WITNESSES, that is, of whether their testimony is believable.
In considering credibility, you may take into account the witnesses' opportunity and ability to observe the events about which they are testifying, their memory and manner while testifying, the reasonableness of their testimony when considered in the light of all the other evidence in the case, their possible bias or prejudice, and any other factors that bear on the believability of the testimony or on the importance to be given that testimony.
Step 4 : TheJnstructions.
Following presentation of all the evidence, the judge instructs the jury on the laws that are to guide the jury in their deliberations on a verdict.
A copy of the instructions will be sent to the jury room for the use of jurors during their deliberations.
All documents or physical objects that have been received into evidence will also be sent to the jury room.
Step 5 : Closing Arguments.
The lawyers in the closing arguments summarize the case from their point of view.
They may discuss the evidence that has been presented or comment on the credibility of witnesses.
The lawyers may also discuss any of the judge's instructions that they feel are of special importance to their case.
These arguments are not evidence.
Step 6 : Jury Deliberation.
The jury retires to the jury room to conduct the deliberations on the verdict in the case they have just heard.
The jury first elects a foreman who will see to it that discussion is conducted in a sensible and orderly fashion, that all issues are fully and fairly discussed, and that every juror is given a fair chance to participate.
When a verdict has been reached, the foreman signs it and informs the bailiff.
The jury / returns to the courtroom, where the foreman presents the verdict.
The judge then discharges the jury from the case.
Помогите перевести в пассивный залог :8?
Помогите перевести в пассивный залог :
8.
The suspect will give his evidence next week -
9.
The detective is investigating this serious criminal case now, he is still collecting evidence against criminals.
10. I think the judge will pass the sentence tomorrow.
11. I cannot meet you tomorrow morning.
I shall be representing Jack Green before the Court.
12. The jury is still discussing the verdict.
13. The investigator has collected evidence on the case.
14. The state and public organizations had discussed the Draft of the new Constitution before it became the law.
15. If you come to the court late in the afternoon the judge will have declared his decision.
16. The night court has dismissed the prisoner’s appeal.
17. The court was still examining all the details of the murder at the time
18.
Somebody might have stolen your car if you had left the keys.
Перевести текст и ответить на вопросы?
Перевести текст и ответить на вопросы!
JURY SERVICE – AN IMPORTANT JOB AND A REWARDING EXPERIENCE.
The right to trial by a jury of our fellow citizens is one of our most important rights and is guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States.
By serving on a Jury, than, you are helping to guarantee one of our most important freedoms.
Your job as a juror is to listen to all the evidence presented at trial and to “decide the facts” – that is, to decide what really happened.
The judge, on the other hand, “decides the law” – that is, makes decisions on legal issues that come up during the trial.
For example, the judge may have to decide whether you and the other jurors may hear certain evidence or whether one lawyer may ask a witness a certain question.
You should not try to decide these legal issues, sometimes you will even be asked to leave the courtroom while they are being decided.
Both your job and that of the judge must be done well if our system of trial by jury is to work.
In order to do your job you do not need any special knowledge or ability.
It is enough that you keep an open mind, concentrate on the evidence being presented, use your common sense, and be fair and honest.
Finally, you should not be influenced by sympathy or prejudice : it is vital that you must be impartial with regard to all people and all ideas.
Identify whether these statements are true or false :
1.
The juror makes decisions on legal issues.
2. In order to be a juror a man needs some special knowledge or ability.
Прочитайте и переведите текстPete and Nell go to the picturesOne day Pete phoned Nell and?
Прочитайте и переведите текст
Pete and Nell go to the pictures
One day Pete phoned Nell and.
Invited her to the pictures.
"What film are we going to see?
" — she asked.
"Oh, it's the one based on the famous Agatha Christie's novel "Witness for the prosecution".
"OK, We'll meet near the cinema at 7".
And would you like to join them and see the film?
I'm sure you would.
So here are some scenes from the script of the film.
Scene I
(The office of Sir Wilfred, one of the finest and most experienced barristers in London.
Leonard Vole, a hand¬some young man of about thirty and Mr.
Mayherne, his solicitor come to the office.
Mr. Mayherne urges Sir Wilfred to take the case of Leonard Vole, who may be arrested any minute on the charge of murdering Mrs.
Emily French.
Mrs. French, a wealthy widow, was murdered two days ago.
She left 80, 000 to Leonard Vole, who had visited Mrs.
French earlier in the evening on the night of the murder).
MAYHERNE : It's the case of Mrs.
Emily French.
You've probably seen the reports in the press.
When the housekeeper returned from her day off, she found her mistress dead, struck on the back of the head and killed.
SIR WILFRED : I see.
MAYHERNE : I'm sure Vole is harmless chap caught in the web of circumstantial evidence.
VOLE : I haven't murdered anybody, It’ s absurd!
But my wife Christine thought I might need a lawyer.
That's why I went to see Mr.
Mayherne.
But now I have two lawyers.
It's rather silly, don't you think?
MAYHERNE : Vole, I am a solicitor.
Sir Wilfred is a barrister.
Only a barrister can plead a case in court.
Mr. Vole, isn't it obvious to you that you will be regarded as I he principal suspect in this case?
I'm very much afraid you'll be arrested.
Scene II
(Mr.
Vole is arrested and now he's in the prisoner's box in one of the courtrooms of the Old Bailey.
It is the first day of Vole's trial.
The court is in session.
The judge is presiding.
The jury, consisting of nine men and three women are in the jury box.
The counsels for the Prosecution and Defense are in their seats.
)
COURT CLERK : Leonard Stephen Vole, you are charged on indictment that you on the 14 - th day of October in the County of London murdered Emily Jane French.
How say you, Leonard Stephen Vole, are you guilty or not guilty?
VOLE : Not guilty.
JUDGE : Members of the jury, by the oath you have just taken you swore to try this case on the evidence.
(To
the prosecutor.
) You may proceed for the prosecution, Mr.
Myers.
MYERS (rising) : The facts in this case are simple.
You will hear how the prisoner made the acquaintance of Mrs.
Emily French, a woman of 56, how he was treated by her with kindness.
Medical testimony will be introduced to prove that death was caused by a blow from a blunt and heavy instrument and it is the case for the Prosecution1
II hat the blow was made by the prisoner Leonard Vole!
VOLE : That's not true!
I didn't do it!
MYERS : Among the witnesses you will hear police evidence, also the one of Mrs.
French's housekeeper Janet ]Mackenzie, and from the medical and laboratory experts, and the evidence of the murdered woman's solicitor, who drew up her final will.
(The prosecutor proceeds with examination of his witnesses, but cross - examination by Sir Wilfred makes their evidence look rather weak.
).
Turn active sentences into passive1?
Turn active sentences into passive
1.
The police arrested the criminal yesterday.
2. The judge will pass the sentence.
3. The investigator will interrogate the witnesses.
4. They keep criminals in prison.
5. The lawyer has already collected all the evidence.
Use the verbs in the brackets in the Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous
1.
John told me that they (wait) for the criminal near the house for two days.
2. I did not know that the police already (arrest) the suspect.
3. I just wanted to know if you (obtain) any useful information.
4. When I offered him money, he said that he already (receive) his payment.
5. The judge explained what crime the accused (committed).
На этой странице сайта, в категории Английский язык размещен ответ на вопрос What happens during the trial ПереводEvents in trial usually happen in a particular order, though the order may be changed by the judge?. По уровню сложности вопрос рассчитан на учащихся студенческий. Чтобы получить дополнительную информацию по интересующей теме, воспользуйтесь автоматическим поиском в этой же категории, чтобы ознакомиться с ответами на похожие вопросы. В верхней части страницы расположена кнопка, с помощью которой можно сформулировать новый вопрос, который наиболее полно отвечает критериям поиска. Удобный интерфейс позволяет обсудить интересующую тему с посетителями в комментариях.
Что происходит во время судаСобытия в суде обычно происходят в определенном порядке, хотя судья может изменить порядок.
Обычный порядок событий изложен ниже.
Шаг 1.
Выбор присяжных.
Шаг 2.
Вступительные заявления.
Адвокат каждой из сторон представит своё видение дела, которое вам предстоит рассмотреть, а также представит общую картину того, что они намерены доказать по делу.
То, что адвокат говорит в своем вступительном заявлении, не является доказательством и, следовательно, не помогает доказать дело.
Шаг 3.
Представление доказательств.
Все стороны имеют право представлять доказательства.
Показания свидетелей во время суда являются доказательствами.
Доказательства могут также принимать форму вещественных доказательств, таких как пистолет или фотография.
В некоторых случаях письменные показания людей, которые не могут присутствовать на судебном процессе, также могут быть доказательствами по делу, которое слушается в суде.
Многое из того, что вы увидите и услышите во время суда, не является доказательством.
Например, то, что юристы говорят в своих вступительных и заключительных заявлениях, не является доказательством.
Вещественные доказательства, предъявленные адвокатами, но не принятые судьей, также не должны приниматься во внимание, как и показания, которые судья велит исключить из протокола.
Часто во время судебного разбирательства адвокаты могут возражать против доказательств, представленных другой стороной, или вопросов, заданных другим адвокатом.
Адвокатам разрешено возражать против таких вещей, если они считают их ненадлежащими в соответствии с законом о доказательствах.
Судья должен решить, было ли каждое возражение обоснованным или нет, и, следовательно, могут ли доказательства быть приняты или вопрос разрешен.
Если возражение было обоснованным, судья отклоняет возражение.
Эти постановления не отражают мнения судьи по делу или того, одобряет ли судья доказательства или вопрос, по которому было высказано возражение.
В качестве присяжного заседателя вы должны определить вес или важность доказательств или свидетельских показаний, принятых судьей.
Вы также являетесь единственным судьей в отношении правдивости свидетелей, то есть того, насколько правдивы их показания.
Оценивая достоверность, вы можете принять во внимание возможность и способность свидетелей наблюдать за событиями, о которых они свидетельствуют, их память и манеру дачи показаний, аргументированность с учетом всех других доказательств по делу, возможную предвзятость или предубеждение свидетеля, и все другие факторы, которые влияют на правдоподобность свидетельства или на важность, с которой будет воспринято это свидетельство.
Шаг 4.
Напутствие присяжным.
После представления всех доказательств судья инструктирует присяжных в отношении законов, которыми они должны руководствоваться при вынесении вердикта.
Копия инструкций будет отправлена в комнату присяжных для использования присяжными во время их работы.
Все документы или вещественные доказательства, которые были получены в качестве доказательств, также будут отправлены в комнату присяжных.
Шаг 5.
Заключительные заявления.
Адвокаты в заключительном слове суммируют дело с их точки зрения.
Они могут обсудить представленные доказательства или прокомментировать достоверность показаний свидетелей.
Адвокаты могут также обсудить любые инструкции судьи, которые, по их мнению, имеют особое значение для данного дела.
Эти заявления не являются доказательством.
Шаг 6.
Совещание присяжных.
Присяжные удаляются в комнату присяжных, чтобы обсудить приговор по делу, которое они только что заслушали.