Биография известного мореплавателя на английском?

ОльгаСавкина1 25 мая 2021 г., 04:59:22

Ответ : Sir Henry Hudson (Hadson) (English ; Henry Hudson ; September 22, 1570 - 1611?

) - An English navigator of the beginning of the XVII century.

Known for his studies of the territories of modern Canada and the North - East of the USA.

The date and place of his birth are not exactly known, but according to some assumptions, he was born on September 22, 1570 in London.

It is believed that he died in 1611 in the current Hudson Bay in Canada as a result of a riot on a ship.

Birth and early years

The details of Hudson's birth and youth are virtually unknown.

Some sources claim that Hudson was born around 1565 ; according to other information, his birth dates back to the year 1570.

Presumably, Hudson spent many years at sea, starting his career as a young man and gradually rose to the rank of captain.

Research

In 1607, the Moscow trading company, one of the few English companies that had a royal letter, hired captain Henry Hudson in search of a northern route to Asia.

At that time, the Arctic region was not fully explored, and traders assumed that moving to the north, northeast or northwest, they would find the shortest path to Asia.

Hudson sailed on the Halve Mans ship to the Arctic Ocean and headed northwest.

In early June, he reached the east coast of Greenland and moved along it northward, while drawing up a map of the area.

On June 20, the ship departed from the coast and headed east, reaching the northern tip of the Svalbard archipelago on July 17.

At this point, the ship was only 577 nautical miles (1, 100 kilometers) from the North Pole, and ice continued to block the further route.

On July 31, Hudson decided to return to England.

On the way back, Hudson may have discovered the island of Jan Mayen (according to other sources, he was later discovered by the Dutch captain, by whose name he was named).

In 1608, Hudson once again tried to find the northern trade route, this time moving east, but, reaching the Novaya Zemlya archipelago, he again stumbled upon the blocking ice and was forced to return.

Other ships of the company had reached this limit point before, but the northern route to Asia was never found.

Hudson wanted to continue the search and joined the Dutch East India Company.

This company was also extremely interested in finding the northern route, and for these purposes the ship "Halve Maan" (Dutch Halve Maen) was equipped, the captain of which was appointed Hudson.

In May 1609, the ship headed for New Earth, but, not reaching it, was forced to turn back due to the discontent of the team.

Instead, the ship sailed west, crossed the Atlantic Ocean and in early July reached the banks of the Great Newfoundland Bank off the coast of Newfoundland Island in North America.

Then 4 months was spent exploring the shores of North America.

On September 11, 1609, Manhattan Island was discovered.

The coast of modern Maine and the Cape Cod Peninsula have also been explored and described.

Despite the fact that these lands were first discovered by the Italian explorer Giovanni da Verazzano in 1524, Henry Hudson became the first European to capture these lands in writing.

He also sailed upstream of the river, now bearing his name (Hudson), to the place where the capital of New York, Albany, is now located.

Later, at the mouth of this river, the Dutch founded the city of New Amsterdam, which later became the city of New York.

It is believed that the name of the island of Staten (Dutch Staaten Eylandt) was also given to Henry Hudson in honor of the General States (Netherlands), the official name of the Dutch parliament of that time.

Upon his return to England in November 1609, Hudson was arrested for flying a foreign flag, according to the Navigation Act (English Navigation Act), a number of English laws established to protect trade routes from the Dutch (not to be confused with the Cromwell Navigation Act).

However, he was soon released.

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