Английский язык | 10 - 11 классы
Очень нужна помощь!
Необходимо ответить на вопросы по тексту, нуждаюсь в скором ответе, буду благодарен.
Computer is one of the inventions of the 20th century that changed the
world greatly.
The first computers of the 1940s were enormous.
But now
they are almost in every family and in every office building.
Most rnachines do only one job, some are multifunctional ( e.
G. а ТУ set + + DVD player).
But no device is as multifunctional as computer.
The parts
of the macblne (or its hardware) remain the same, you change only the
program (software) and your computer immediately learns to do various
things.
А browser program is designed to look at pages on the Internet (you
can also say to browse, tbls accounts for the word browser).
А word processor
program lets you to print text and then change styles of fonts and sizes of
162
pages.
А database program is used for searching and sorting records.
Such
program is used in shops, libraries, hospitals, accountant offices, and so on.
They make work with great amounts of data much quicker.
Computers are found everywhere and used in every sphere of life.
In а
plant one can make а computer model of а car or plane and check its
resistance to stress.
Such calculations without а computer could have
taken several months.
Computer is used at school : children watch films,
presentations and web pages.
This helps them to study effectively.
Computers also have some disadvantages.
There is а famous joke that
computers are designed to solve problems but half of the time they are the
problem.
As computer is а complicated device, one small breakage may
stop its work.
Moreover, the equipment is soon out of date.
Besides, there is а problem of compatibility.
First of all, there are
hardware devices which can't work with the old operating systems, such as
а processor, а hard disk drive, а video card, etc.
Then, there are programs
which need more resources than computer actually lшs.
Thirdly, computers become more and more complicated, and much
effort is required to learn how to work with them.
Fourthly, computer
viruses cause а lot of trouЬle - they can spoil, remove or steal computer
data, and every user knows it well from his experience.
And on top of all, computer is а multifunctional device, as we already
know, so it can bе used both to do work and to entertain oneself.
Children
often fall prey to computer and Internet : they play computer games, spend
their free time chatting with friends on the Internet and doing practically
nothing.
This aspect can't bе denied.
То crown it all, computer is а good device like many others, designed
to help people.
But it's our own free will that lets us use it in order not to
waste time but to get best results.
1. When was computer invented?
2. Were there many computers in the middle of the 20th century?
Why
do you think so?
Find the possible explanation in the text.
3. Is computer а multifunctional device?
Ответьте на вопросы по тексту, коротко и ясно?
Ответьте на вопросы по тексту, коротко и ясно.
Очень срочно!
Спасибо )) 1.
In what two major parts could be computer operations divided?
2. What are arithmetic operations?
3. What are logical operations?
4. Can computer compare two graphical objects?
5. What makes computer so different from other tools?
6. What is an embedded computer?
What modern devices have embedded computers?
7". How many are types of data?
8. What is physical data?
Much of the processing computers can be divided into two general types of operation.
Arithmetic operations are computations with numbers such as addition, subtraction, and other mathematical procedures.
Early computers performed mostly arithmetic operations, which gave the false impression that only engineers and scientists could benefit from computers.
Of equal importance is the computers ability to compare two values to determine if one is larger than, smaller than, or equal to the other.
This is called a logical operation.
The comparison may take place between numbers, letters, sounds, or even drawings.
The processing of the computer is based on the computer's ability to perform logical and arithmetic operations.
Instructions must be given to the computer to tell it how to process the data it receives and the format needed for output and storage.
The ability to follow the program sets computers apart from most tools .
However, - new tools ranging from typewriters to microwave ovens have embedded computers, or built - in computers.
An embedded computer can accept data to use several options in it's program, but the program itself cannot be changed.
This makes these devices flexible and convenient but not the embedded computers itself.
Types of data With the advent of new computer applications and hardware, the definition of data has expanded to include many types.
Numeric data consists of numbers and decimal points, as well as the plus ( + ) and minus (—) signs.
Both arithmetic operations and logical operations are performed on numeric data.
This means that numbers can be used for calculations as well as sorted and compared to each other.
Text, or textual data, can contain any combination of letters, numbers and special characters.
Sometimes textual data is known as alphanumeric data.
Various forms of data that we can hear and see makes up audio - visual data.
The computer can produce sounds, music and even human voice.
It can also accept audioinformation as an input.
Data can also take form of drawings and video sequences.
Physical data is captured from the environment.
For example, light, temperature and pressure are all types of physical data.
In many large "buildings, computer systems process several kinds of physical data to regulate operations.
Computers can set off security alarms, control temperature and humidity, or turn lights on and off, all in response to physical data.
These applications increase people's safety and save the time and money.
Необходимо ответить на вопросы по тексту, нуждаюсь в скором ответе, буду благодарен?
Необходимо ответить на вопросы по тексту, нуждаюсь в скором ответе, буду благодарен.
Computer is one of the inventions of the 20th century that changed the
world greatly.
The first computers of the 1940s were enormous.
But now
they are almost in every family and in every office building.
Most rnachines do only one job, some are multifunctional ( e.
G. а ТУ set + + DVD player).
But no device is as multifunctional as computer.
The parts
of the macblne (or its hardware) remain the same, you change only the
program (software) and your computer immediately learns to do various
things.
А browser program is designed to look at pages on the Internet (you
can also say to browse, tbls accounts for the word browser).
А word processor
program lets you to print text and then change styles of fonts and sizes of
162
pages.
А database program is used for searching and sorting records.
Such
program is used in shops, libraries, hospitals, accountant offices, and so on.
They make work with great amounts of data much quicker.
Computers are found everywhere and used in every sphere of life.
In а
plant one can make а computer model of а car or plane and check its
resistance to stress.
Such calculations without а computer could have
taken several months.
Computer is used at school : children watch films,
presentations and web pages.
This helps them to study effectively.
Computers also have some disadvantages.
There is а famous joke that
computers are designed to solve problems but half of the time they are the
problem.
As computer is а complicated device, one small breakage may
stop its work.
Moreover, the equipment is soon out of date.
Besides, there is а problem of compatibility.
First of all, there are
hardware devices which can't work with the old operating systems, such as
а processor, а hard disk drive, а video card, etc.
Then, there are programs
which need more resources than computer actually lшs.
Thirdly, computers become more and more complicated, and much
effort is required to learn how to work with them.
Fourthly, computer
viruses cause а lot of trouЬle - they can spoil, remove or steal computer
data, and every user knows it well from his experience.
And on top of all, computer is а multifunctional device, as we already
know, so it can bе used both to do work and to entertain oneself.
Children
often fall prey to computer and Internet : they play computer games, spend
their free time chatting with friends on the Internet and doing practically
nothing.
This aspect can't bе denied.
То crown it all, computer is а good device like many others, designed
to help people.
But it's our own free will that lets us use it in order not to
waste time but to get best results.
1. When was computer invented?
2. Were there many computers in the middle of the 20th century?
Why
do you think so?
Find the possible explanation in the text.
3. Is computer а multifunctional device?
Помогите хоть чуток Write out the professional terminology from the text?
Помогите хоть чуток Write out the professional terminology from the text.
Computers are electronic machines which can accept data in a certain form, process the data and give the results of the processing in a specified format as information.
Three basic steps are involved in the process.
First, data are fed into the computer’s memory.
Then, when the program is run, the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data.
Finally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form.
Information in the form of data and programs is known as software, and the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system are called hardware.
A standard computer system consists of three main sections : the central processing unit (CPU), the main memory and the peripherals.
Perhaps the most influential component is the central processing unit.
Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all the other units.
In a way, it is the ‘brain’ of the computer.
The main memory holds the instructions and data which are currently being processed by the CPU.
The peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer.
They include storage devices and input / output devices.
Storage devices (floppy, hard or optical disks) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs.
Disk drives are used to handle one or more floppy disks.
Input devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory.
The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard.
Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system.
For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or prints the results onto paper by means of a printer.
On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into which we can plug a wide range of peripherals – modems, fax machines, optical drives and scanners.
These are the main physical units of a computer system, generally known as the configuration.
Помогите Перевести?
Помогите Перевести!
Is your home computer a target?
Is your home computer a popular target for computer robbers?
Why? It is so, because intruders want what you’ve stored there.
They look for the numbers of your credit cards, bank account information, and anything else they can find.
By stealing that information, all thefts can use your money buying themselves goods and services.
But they need not only the money - related information.
These thefts also want your computer, it means your hard disk space, your fast processor, and your Internet connection.
They use resources to attack other computers on the Internet.
In fact, the more computers an intruder uses, the harder it is for law enforcement to find out where the attack is really coming from.
If they can’t be found, they can’t be stopped, and they can’t be prosecuted and imprisoned.
Why do criminals pay attention to home computers?
Home computers are typically not very secure and are easy to break into.
When combined with high - speed Internet connections that are always turned on, they can quickly find and then attack home computers.
While thefts also attack home computers connected to the Internet through dial - in connections, high - speed connections (cable modems and DSL modems) are a favorite target.
No matter how a home computer is connected to the Internet, attacks of such people are often successful.
Many home computer owners don’t realize that they need to pay attention to computer security.
In the same way that you are responsible for having insurance when you drive a car, you also need to be responsible for your home computer’s security.
The purpose is to keep computer robbers and their programs off your computer.
How do they break into your computer?
In some cases, they send you an e - mail with a virus.
When you read such e - mail you activate the virus, creating an opening that use to enter or access your computer.
In other cases, they take advantage of a defect or weakness in one of your computer’s programs — a vulnerability — to gain access.
Once they’re on your computer, they often install new programs that let them continue using your computer - even after you closed all the holes they used to get onto your computer in the first place.
These backdoors are usually cleverly disguised so that they blend in with the other programs running on your computer.
Переведите пожалуйстаComputer Revolution?
Переведите пожалуйста
Computer Revolution.
Without computers space programs would be impossible and the 21" century would be impossible.
The incredible technology we are building, the complexity and the knowledge we are amassing in the way toward the creation of the 21st century, are all beyond the unaided mind and muscle of man.
More than any other single inventions, perhaps even more than wheel, the computer offers a promise so dazzling and a threat so awful that it will forever change the direction and meaning of our lives.
Computers today are running our factories, planning our cities, teaching our children, and forecasting the possible futures we may be heir to.
In the new age of exploration the computer is solving in milliseconds the problems a generation of mathematicians would need years to solve without its help.
The small, fiftynine - pound computer, which takes up only one cubic foot of space in the vehicle will do all of the mathematics needed to solve one billion different space - maneuvering, navigation, and re - entry problems.
Moreover, it translates the answer into simple numbers and tells the astronaut the attitude to which he must bring the spacecraft before firing the thrusters, and indicate to him exactly how long they must be fired.
Перевести текст (не с переводчика)A computer is a machine with an intricate network of electronic circuits that operate switches or magnetize tiny metal cores?
Перевести текст (не с переводчика)
A computer is a machine with an intricate network of electronic circuits that operate switches or magnetize tiny metal cores.
The switches, like the cores, are capable of being in one or two possible states, that is, on or off ; magnetized or demagnetized.
The machine is capable of storing and manipulating numbers, letters, and characters (symbols).
The basic idea of a computer is that we can make the machine do what we want by inputting signals that turn certain switches on and turn others off, or magnetize or do not magnetize the cores.
The basic job of computers is processing of information.
For this reason computers can be defined as devices which accept information in the form of instructions, called a program, and characters, called data, perform mathematical and / or logical operations on the information, and then supply results of these operations.
The program, or part of it, which tells the computers what to do and the data, which provide the information needed to solve the problem, are kept inside the computer in a place called memory.
It is considered that computers have many remarkable powers.
However most computers, whether large or small, have three basic capabilities.
First, computers have circuits for performing arithmetic operations, such as : addition, subtraction, division, multiplication and exponentiation.
Second, computers have a means of communicating with the user.
After all, if we couldn't feed information in and get results back, these machines wouldn't be of much use.
Some of the most common methods of inputting information are to use ter¬minals, diskettes, disks and magnetic tapes.
The computer's input device (a disk drive or tape drive) reads the information into the computer.
For outputting information two common devices used are : a printer, printing the new information on paper, and a cathode - ray - tube display, which shows the results on a TV - like screen.
Third, computers have circuits which can make decisions.
The kinds of decisions which computer circuits can make are not of the type : "Who would win the war between two countries?
" or "Who is the richest person in the world?
" Unfortunately, the computer can only decide three things, namely : Is one number less than another?
Are two numbers equal?
And, Is one number greater than another?
A computer can solve a series of problems and make thousands of logical decisions without becoming tired.
It can find the solution to a problem in a fraction of the time it takes a human being to do the job.
A computer can replace people in dull, routine tasks, but it works according to the instructions given to it.
There are times when a computer seems to operate like a mechanical 'brain', but its achievements are limited by the minds of human beings.
A computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do and gives it the necessary information ; but because electric pulses can move at the speed of light, a computer can carry out great numbers of arithmetic - logical operations almost instantaneously.
A person can do the same, but in many cases that person would be dead long before the job was finished.
Перевести не с помощью переводчика What is a computer?
Перевести не с помощью переводчика What is a computer?
Computer is a device for processing information.
Computer has no intelligence by itself and is called hardware.
A computer system is a combination of four elements : a) Hardware b) Software c) Procedures d) Data / information Software are the programs that tell the hardware how to perform a task.
Without software instructions, the hardware doesn’t know what to do.
The basic job of the computer is the processing of information.
Computers take information in the form of instructions called programs and symbols called data.
After that they perform various mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results (information).
Computer is used to convert data into information.
Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.
Ответить на вопросы : 1) What does the term “computer” describe?
2) Is computer intelligent?
3) What are four components of computer system?
4) What is software?
5) What’s the difference between the hardware and software?
6) In what way terms “data” and “information” differ?
7) How does computer convert data into information?
COMPUTER OPERATIONS?
COMPUTER OPERATIONS.
TYPES OF DATA
Much of the processing computers can be divided into two general types of operation.
Arithmetic operations are computations with numbers such as addition, subtraction, and other mathematical procedures.
Early computers performed mostly arithmetic operations, which gave the false impression that only engineers and scientists could benefit from computers.
Of equal importance is the computers ability to compare two values to determine if one is larger than, smaller than, or equal to the other.
This is called a logical operation.
The comparison may take place between numbers, letters, sounds, or even drawings.
The processing of the computer is based on the computer's ability to perform logical and arithmetic operations.
Instructions must be given to the computer to tell it how to process the data it receives and the format needed for output and storage.
The ability to follow the program sets computers apart from most tools.
However, new tools ranging from typewriters to microwave ovens have embedded computers, or built - in computers.
An embedded computer can accept data to use several options in it's program, but the program itself cannot be changed.
This makes these devices flexible and convenient but not the embedded computers itself.
Types of data
With the advent of new computer applications and hardware, the definition of data has expanded to include many types.
Numeric data consists of numbers and decimal points, as well as the plus ( + ) and minus ( - ) signs.
Both arithmetic operations and logical operations are performed on numeric data.
This means that numbers can be used for calculations as well as sorted and compared to each other.
Text, or textual data, can contain any combination of letters, numbers and special characters.
Sometimes textual data is known as alphanumeric data.
Various forms of data that we can hear and see makes up audio - visual data.
The computer can produce sounds, music and even human voice.
It can also accept audio - information as an input.
Data can also take form of drawings and video sequences.
Physical data is captured from the environment.
For example, light, temperature and pressure are all types of physical data.
In many large buildings, computer systems process several kinds of physical data to regulate operations.
Computers can set off security alarms, control temperature and humidity, or turn lights on and off, all in response to physical data.
These applications increase people's safety and save the time and money.
Задание 16.
1. Какие из приведенных ниже утверждений верны / неверны.
Аргументируйте свой ответ, опираясь на текст.
1)Arithmetic operations are operations with numbers — subtraction and division.
2)Early computers gave false impression about their capabilities.
3)Logical operations are computer's ability to compare two values.
4)The major difference between the computer and tools lies in the flexibility of the program.
5)Embedded computers are found only in typewriters and ovens.
6)Microwave oven's program is flexible and could be changed because of the embedded computer.
7)Numeric data consist of numbers, decimal points and the ( + ) and ( - ) signs.
8)Computer can accept human speech as an audio - visual input data.
8. Переведите текст?
8. Переведите текст.
Ответьте на вопросы, используя ин¬
формацию текста.
1. What is a computer?
2. What are the two possible states of the switches?
3. What are the main functions of a computer?
4. In what way can we make the computer do what we want?
5. What is the basic task of a computer?
6. In what form does a computer accept information?
7. What is a program?
8. What are data?
9. What is memory?
10. What three basic capabilities have computers?
11. What are the ways of inputting informa¬tion into the computer?
12. What is the function of an input device?
13. What devices are used for outputting information?
14. What decisions can the computer make?
15. What are the computer's achievements limited by?
A computer is a machine with an intricate network of elec¬tronic circuits that operate switches or magnetize tiny metal cores.
The switches, like the cores, are capable of being in one or two possible states, that is, on or off ; magnetized or demag¬netized.
The machine is capable of storing and manipulating numbers, letters, and characters (symbols).
The basic idea of a computer is that we can make the ma - chine do what we want by inputting signals that turn certain switches on and turn others off, or magnetize or do not magne¬tize the cores.
The basic job of computers is processing of information.
For this reason computers can be defined as devices which accept information in the form of instructions, called a program, and characters, called data, perform mathematical and / or logical operations on the information, and then supply results of these operations.
The program, or part of it, which tells the comput¬ers what to do and the data, which provide the information needed to solve the problem, are kept inside the computer in a place called memory.
It is considered that computers have many remarkable pow¬ers.
However most computers, whether large or small, have three basic capabilities.
First, computers have circuits for performing arithmetic op¬erations, such as : addition, subtraction, division, multiplication and exponentiation.
Second, computers have a means of communicating with the user.
After all, if we couldn't feed information in and get results back, these machines wouldn't be of much use.
Some of the most common methods of inputting information are to use ter¬minals, diskettes, disks and magnetic tapes.
The computer's input device (a disk drive or tape drive) reads the information into the computer.
For outputting information two common devices used are : a printer, printing the new information on paper, and a cathode - ray - tube display, which shows the results on a TV - like screen.
Third, computers have circuits which can make decisions.
The kinds of decisions which computer circuits can make are not of the type : "Who would win the war between two coun¬tries?
" or "Who is the richest person in the world?
" Unfortu¬nately, the computer can only decide three things, namely : Is one number less than another?
Are two numbers equal?
And, Is one number greater than another?
A computer can solve a series of problems and make thou¬sands of logical decisions without becoming tired.
It can find the solution to a problem in a fraction of the time it takes a human being to do the job.
A computer can replace people in dull, routine tasks, but it works according to the instructions given to it.
There are times when a computer seems to operate like a mechanical 'brain', but its achievements are limited by the minds of human beings.
A computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do and gives it the necessary information ; but because electric pulses can move at the speed of light, a computer can carry out great numbers of arithmetic - logical operations almost instan¬taneously.
A person can do the same, but in many cases that person would be dead long before the job was finished.
Помогите пожалуйста с переводом?
Помогите пожалуйста с переводом!
What is a computer?
A computer is a machine that performs tasks, such as calculations or electronic communication, under the control of a set of instructions called a program.
Programs usually reside within a computer and arc retrieved and processed by the computer's electronics.
I he program results are stored and routed to output devices, such as video display monitors or printers.
A wide variety of activities is performed by computers reliably, accurately, and quickly.
Computers are extremely versatile.
In fact, they are universal information processing machines.
According to the Church - Taring thesis, computer with a certain minimum threshold capability is in principal capable of performing the tasks of any other computer Therefore, computers with capabilities ranging from those of a personal digital assistant to a supercomputer may all perform the same tasks, as long as the time and memory capacity are not considerations.
Therefore, the same computer designs may be adapted for tasks ranging from processing company payrolls to controlling unmanned spaceflights.
Due to technological advancement, modern electronic computers are exponentially more capable than those of preceding generations.
I he physical computer and its components are known as hardware.
Computer hardware includes the memory that stores data and program instructions : the central processing unit (CPU) that carries out program instructions ; the input devices, such as a keyboard or a mouse, that allow the user to communicate with the computer ; the output devices, such as printers and video display monitors, that enable the computer to present information to the user : and buses (hardware lines or wires) that connect these and other computer components.
The programs that run on the computer arc called software.
Software is generally designed to perform a particular type of task for example, to write a letter, to display and modify a photograph, or to direct the general operation of the computer.
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What name who is where are from How old you.