Переведите текс с помощью словаря : VARIOUS TYPES OF SLEEPERS Sleepers which were first introduced in 1855 are now employed universally?

Английский язык | 5 - 9 классы

Переведите текс с помощью словаря : VARIOUS TYPES OF SLEEPERS Sleepers which were first introduced in 1855 are now employed universally.

They are made of wood, steel, cast iron or concrete.

The required number of sleepers is enormous, and timber is becoming scarce.

That’s why sleepers of other materials are widely used in many countries.

Metal sleepers find a wider application in Britain ; wooden sleepers last about 20 years in the main tracks, and then they give further service in sidings.

Cast iron sleepers are little used because metal is very expensive everywhere.

In our country concrete sleepers are being used increasingly, especially in Metro construction.

Concrete sleepers have the advantage of material which withstands corrosion and rotting.

Concrete - бетон cast iron – чугун siding – запасной путь.

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Ответы (1)
Diasabuzov 13 апр. 2018 г., 11:50:35

Шпалы, которые впервые были введены в 1855 году, сейчас работают универсально.

Они изготавливаются из древесины, стали, чугуна или бетона.

Необходимое количество шпал огромно, и древесина становится дефицитом.

Вот почему шпалы из других материалов широко используются во многих странах.

Металлические шпалы нашли широкое применение в Великобритании ; деревянные шпалыиспользуются около 20 лет на основных путях, изатем они в дальнейшем служат назапасных путях.

Чугунные шпалы мало используются, потому что металл вездеочень дорогой.

В нашей стране бетонные шпалы все чаще используются, особенно в строительстве метро.

Железобетонные шпалы имеют преимущество - материал, который противостоит коррозии и гниению.

Titova1911 26 дек. 2018 г., 16:20:46 | 10 - 11 классы

Задание 1?

Задание 1.

Переведите текст письменно.

Задание 2.

Составьте 10 вопросов к тексту (5 вопросов к предложению в активном залоге, 5 вопросов к предложению в пассивном залоге).

Задание 3.

Составьте словарь терминов, которые встретились в вашем тексте.

Вариант 6.

Non - ferrous metals are more expensive than ferrous metals and are used only when some characteristic not possessed by iron or steel is essential or desirable in application.

These characteristics are : high electrical and thermal conductivity, high corrosion resistance, non - magnetic qualities, light weight, etc.

The metals most frequently used to make non - ferrous metal castings are copper, tin, zinc, lead, nickel, gold and aluminium.

Some of the basic non - ferrous metals and their characteristics are described below.

Copper is a reddish - brown, tough metal.

It has very high electric conductivity and high corrosion - resistant qualities.

Copper is used for making electrical contacts and wires, pipes, telephone cables, tanks, water heaters, etc.

Zinc is a hard, brittle, bluish - white metal that is employed in the pure form as sheet zinc.

Lead is a very heavy bluish - grey metal which is very soft.

This metal is highly resistant to corrosion, but its strength is so low that it must be supported by a core of some other metal.

Lead is used for lining pipes, acid tanks and coating electrical cables.

Aluminium is a soft, silvery white metal.

It is light weight, has high corrosion - resistant qualities and is used for automobile and airplane parts as well as for making different light - weight objects used in everyday life such as : frames, cooking utensils, chairs, etc.

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You will love the ice - cream and pudding?

You will love the ice - cream and pudding.

In some ways they are the same, but in other ways they are different.

They are the same, because both are choose

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Ice is .

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Hard strong metal.

. horseshoes are made of .

Iron.

. marmalade is .

Kind of .

Jam made from .

Oranges and .

Lemons.

. saw is .

Tool for cutting .

Wood and metal.

We cannot live without .

Water.

Why is .

Water so cold?

. teapot is .

Small spoon that you use to put .

Sugar into .

Tea. .

Ladybirds are .

Small red insects with .

Black spots.

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Powerful track - laying machines (have developed, have been developed) for the building of railroads.

2. The road is closed because the road works (are conducting, are being conducted.

) 3. At the first railways, sleepers (laid down, were laid down) along the track ; nowadays they (lay down, are laid down) transversely.

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Перепишите и переведите предложения, выбрав правильную форму сказуемого (Active or Passive) 1?

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Powerful track - laying machines (have developed, have been developed) for the building of railroads.

2. The road is closed because the road works (are conducting, are being conducted.

) 3. At the first railways, sleepers (laid down, were laid down) along the track ; nowadays they (lay down, are laid down) transversely.

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Помогите перевести текст) TEXT 11 A?

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TYPES OF BUILDINGS The majority of building codes divide buildings into classes based upon the manner of their construction, use, or occupancy.

The following division into classes applies to the manner of construction : 1.

Frame construction 2.

Nonfireproof constructions : (a) Ordinary construction ; (b) Slow - burning construction 3.

Fireproof construction.

. frame construction embraces all buildings.

With exterior walls of wooden framework sheathed with wood shingles or sidlng, veneered with brick, stone, or terra cotta ; or covered with stucco or sheet metal.

" Such buildings naturally have floors and partitions of wood and are considered as comprising the most inflammable type of construction.

Nonfireproof construction includes all buildings with exterior walls of masonry but with wood floor construction and partitions, , .

Slow - burning conduction designates heavy timber framing designed as far as possible to be fire resistant, the heavy beams and griders of large dimention proving far less inflammable than the slender joists of ordinary construction.

Fireproof construction includes all buildings constructed of incombustible material throughout, with floors of iron, steel, or renirorced concrete beams, filled in between with terra cotta or other masonry arches or with concrete slabs.

Wood may be used only for under and upper floors, window and door frames , sash, doors, and interior finish .

In buildings of great height the flooring must be of incombustible material and the sash, doors, frames, and interior finish of metal.

Wire glass is used in the windows, and all structural and reinforced steel must be surrounded with fireproof material, such as hollow terra cotta and gypsum tile to protect the steel from the weakening effect of great heat.

2.

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Dancers ____.

Speakers ____.

Drivers ____.

Tennis players ____.

Helpers ____.

Footballers ____.

Singers ____.

Swimmers ____.

Sleepers ____.

Riders _____.

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Which words can be used for both men and women?

Which words cannot?

Why? номер 20, помогите пожалуйста.

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Помогите перевести текст, пожалуйста очень нужно?

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20 балов.

The first houses were built for the purpose of protecting their owners from the weather and, therefore, were very simple—a roof to keep off the rain or snow, and walls to keep out the wind.

The building erected now can be divided into two broad classifications : they are either for housing or for industrial purpose.

As far as the material is concerned, the building can be divided into stone (or brick), wood and concrete types.

The brick is an artifical material made of clay then burnt to harden it.

The natural stone (rubble masonry) is used for footing and foundations for external walls carrying the load.

The buildings made of stone or brick are durable, fire - proof and have poor heat conductivity.

The tiers or levels which divide a building into stages or stories are called floors.

These may be of timber but in stone buildings they are made of ferro - concrete details in great and small sizes.

The coverings or upper parts of buildings constructed over to keep out rain and wind and to preserve the interior from exposure to the weather, are called roofs.

These should tie the walls and give strength and firmness to the construction.

Every building must be beautiful in appearance and proportional in various parts.

The interior should be planned to suit the requirements of the occupants while the exterior must be simple without any excesses.

Any building should be provided with water, electricity, ventilation and heating system.

Getting water into the house is called plumbing.

The plumbers have also to get the water out after it has been used.

The first part of this problem is called water supply and the second one is called drainage or Sewerage.

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